Based on field survey morphological and major chemical properties of soils of foothills of the mountain range Malay-Sary was studied. Features of their anthropogenic transformation was revealed, degree of degradation was defined. A soil map and a soil degradation map at a scale of 1:100,000 have been created. Geo-information technologies and remote sensing materials were used in mapping.

The mineralogical composition of the fine dispersed part of soils of the foothill plains of the Zhetysu Ridge was studied for the first time as part of the assessment of the fertility and current state of soils of agricultural lands of South-Eastern Kazakhstan. For the first time, studies of clay fraction of northern sierozems showed the following mineral composition: mixed -layer illite-smectite formations, hydromica, kaolinite, chlorite, lizardite, and non-clay minerals -highly dispersed quartz and feldspars; meadow-sierozemic soils contain: mixed-layer formations, kaolinite, lyzordite, magnezioarfvedsonit, mica, chlorite, quartz and feldspar.

The article presents the study results of the bio-meliorants effects on biological activity, humus status in rice-marsh soils, and rice yield. It was found that the use of bio-ameliorants Green-Eco, Edagum and sodium humate effectively influence on biological activity of the soil. The research results showed that the most optimal bio-meliorant for positive balance of humus and improvement of its quality is Green-Eco at a minimum dose of 50 kg/ha. Edagum with the introduction of 100 and 150 l/ha increased the total content of humus, although it slightly reduced its quality.

The results obtained in the process of research have shown the possibility of cultivating rice using drip irrigation systems with a significant decrease in irrigation norms. The main conditions for the successful development of this innovative technology of rice irrigation is the availability of the correct variety, if necessary, the system of protection of crops from weeds and the calculation of the optimum water regime of the soil.

Buffer strips composed of perennial grasses have a special role among the struggle events against soil erosion. Thanks to them appearance of soil erosion processes are dramatically reduces, increases the soil moisture and yield cultures. Acting as a simplest anti-erosion event, it is available to each farm, can be implemented in large areas in a short time and ensure positive result already in the first years of implementation.

Natural overgrowing of the disturbed earths the long process and depends on the bioproductivity of surrounding undisturbed landscapes. The regeneration of soil-vegetable cover in the technogenically disturbed landscapes occurs during reclamation or in the process of natural growth of plants. A study of specific composition of plants in the conditions of the disturbed soil cover is a theoretical and practical necessity for renewal of the disturbed ecosystem, processes soil formation and steady functioning of biocenosis. Results of researches of vegetable cover and specific composition of plants 39 years old reclaimed phytotoxic dump of Tishinsky of deposit and naturally overgrowing dumps, characterize not only ecological but also economic value.

At the present time, to increase the stability of agrolandscapes to possible climate changes and periodically repeated drought factors, as well as unsystemized anthropogenic impacts, it is necessary to expand the areas under natural grazing lands and perennial grasses at the expense of eroded and erosion-endangered crop areas, by applying complex surface and radical improvement measures and modern management methods. The latter will enable to considerably reduce energy and material expenditures as well as negative impacts of erosion phenomena and will enhance the sustainability and fertility of steppe agrolandscapes.

In this article, studies are conducted in the intensive Aport orchard, on the application of mineral fertilizers and biopreparations to the agrochemical properties of dark chestnut soils and the planned yield of apple fruits in the south-east of Kazakhstan. This system of fertilizer application has been taken account with the content of soil nutrition elements, with the planned level of fruit harvest, with the soil-climatic and environmental factors.

The physical, physicochemical, and chemical properties of alluvial-meadow saline soils, growth and development of Ark's white sweet clover were studied under the conditions of Atyrau region, depending on the processing method of the adaptogen (PA2-1) on the background of manure (20 t/ha) and without it. The results of the study were found that the drug-adaptogen (PA 2-1) contributes to the preservation and improvement of soil fertility and productivity of the Ark white sweer clover. The use of 20 t/ha of manure increases the content of humus and easily hydrolyzed nitrogen in the soil. Processing of the white sweet clover seeds and double spraying of plants with the drug adaptogen PA 2-1 increases the germination rate (15-16 pcs/m²), improves plant growth and development, and increases the yield of green clover to 623.7-648.2 c/ ha compared to the control option, without treatment (592.3 c/ha).