As a result of the soil researches the morphological and chemical properties of virgin and transformed under anthropogenous influence soils of Northeast Caspian region are defined. Key parametres and criteria of an estimation of degradation of soils are developed, for drawing up of a. The map of degradation of a soil cover of Northeast Caspian region (scale 1:500 000) was created on the basis of soil map and with use of remote sensing materials.

According to the description of cuts, laid on the natural areas overgrown spoil deposit "Zhanatas" revealed initial signs of soil formation. At the site where the natural overgrowth of plants has the character of individual process of soil formation is almost absent or very weakly expressed. The profile of all the cuts visible differentiation of dwarf horizons.

In this article is looked of accumulation of organic substance in post ameliorated loess after its biological land - reclamation. Results of research of the general and group structure of a humus of post ameliorated loess and their analysis are resulted.

The article includes data on content of absorbed cations and composition of soil-absorbing complex in various soil types on the territory of Kenkiyak deposit and the tendencies of transformation of SAC in conditions of oil contamination.

The article includes the results of experimental work on evaluation of the current state of periodically flooded paddy rice soils and on the research of the influence of pre-planting treatment of rice seeds with an aqueous solution of fusicoccin on the level of effective soil fertility and rice yield capacity. It is determined that pre-sowing seed treatment is an effective agricultural practices on improvement of soil fertility and rice yield capacity in saline soils.

This paper includes the issues of agro-chemical and agro-ecological monitoring of agricultural lands, the analysis of application of mineral and organic fertilizers and their effect on soil fertility and crop productivity.

Conditions of formation, nomenclature scheme, methods of investigating and agroecological functions of labile organic matter of the soil are considered in the article.

For reclamation soda solonetses-marshes in the Ararat valley has been used as meliorant hydrochloric acid and and heat-treated gypsum, gypsum + heat-treated dung and manure. Were set up field experiments in small plots (2.25 m²) in the AOMS Armavir region. All experiments except the option of manure had a positive effect, are recommended for reclamation soda solonetses-marshes Ararat valley as meliorant use as a 30 % solution of HCl, and heat-treated gypsum and gypsum + manure, but for slightly saline, slightly alkaline and saline soils again - only manure.

Reclamation development of strongly saline soils of heavy and light granule-metric composition is possible due to the improvement of physical, chemical methods, as well as regulating microbial processes. By using special, technology (NTOZ-3,4) for these soils it is possible to obtain the optimal yield of rice in the first year, without washing of salts from these soils. It is proved that the use of technology (NTOZ-3,4) is efficient from economic point of view and is environmentally friendly.

In article the data about quantity of motor transport, passing on crossroads of streets Satpaeva and Brusilovsky, also the maintenance of heavy metals in the plants growing in this area and given studying of quantitative and qualitative structure of soil zoofauna as the indicator of pollution of soil is cited.

Results of studying of irrigational erosion on the irrigated grounds of a foothill zone Northern Tyan-Chans are stated. The estimation of water-durability of units is given, quality indicators of change of physical and chemical properties soil are established at an irrigation. Theoretical calculations for the choice of optimal elements on soil protective technologies of irrigation including the irrigations with allowable rates and water discharge in irrigation furrows.

Features of general types of disturbance and pollution of soil, which are caused by anthropogenic impact showed in this work. Morphogenetic feature changes of soil under anthropogenic influence are analyzed within oil fields on Caspian Sea region. Processes of natural clearance of polluted soils and their opportunities to reclamation within desert zone are considering.

The use of industrial wasters to produce cleaner universal fertilizer to maintain and enhance soil fertility and produce a high quality harvest, and after resuscitation of land industrial development of mineral is a urgent task today.