Based on the conducted studies the distinctive morphogenetic features of mountainous ordinary carbonate black soils of the Republic of Armenia have been identified. The issues of identification of those changes which occur in main morphogenetic properties of mountainous ordinary carbonate black soils as a result of their long-term and intensive agricultural use are discussed in the paper. It was proven that the long-term and unsystematic use, particularly the irrigation contributed to significant expansion of genetic horizons, destruction of structural units, displacement of carbonates from upper horizons down the profile, compaction of soil mass at a considerable depth as well as leaching of mechanical fractions.

This review paper introduces the Podzolised chernozems in West Ukraine. Chernozems are reputed as the most productive and fertile soils of which Podzolised chernozem takes the position of the subtype in Ukrainian system of Soil Classification and covers minor highland of Forest-Steppe areas in the west and east of Ukraine. The paper describes the local Podzolised chernozem formation factors: general climate, vegetation, topography, parent materials and areas of their distribution. It has been reported particularities of genesis, morphology and other properties of Podzolised chernozem depending of local conditions and management. Soil conservation practices of Podzolised chernozems were also outlined and discussed in this paper.

The article consider regularities of formation of soil cover and soils on foothill plain within the Central Botanical Garden of the Almaty city. Shown the transformation of morphogenetic traits and properties of the foothill dark chestnut soils in depending to the conditions of soil formation, which is related to the influence of introduced trees, shrub and herbaceous vegetation, agro-technical methods of care, irrigation and haymaking.

Based on field researches the main features of soil cover formation and structure of Ural river modern delta and adjoining Caspian sea northern coast are studied. The morphological, chemical and physical-chemical properties of soils are characterized. The soil map of scale 1:100

To the article data are driven about mineralization, himizm of solination of subsoil waters on territory of deposit, the degree of oil and heavy metals pollution of groundwater is certain, Subsoil waters have an alkalireaction, high mineralization of brine type with hloridnym, by the magnesium-natrium type of himizm.

Inventory and cartography on the various scales were perefored in the technogen violated and oil-polluted soils going out from exploitation to the central part of the Absheron peninsula. Their area was revealed, the short characteristics, of the oilpollution area and depth was given. The soil cover and granulometric content of salinization, solonetzification, nutrient and humus, depth of the subsoil waters, their salinity and other soil pecularities were studied.

The results of the field expeditionary works, directed on the study of influence new zeolite-microbiological method on maintenance of nutritious elements in technoground are resulted in the article.

The features of the microstructure of high-mountain, mountain meadow subalpine, meadow-steppe and mountain forest dark-brown soils were described. Meadow subalpine and meadow- steppe soils are characterized by a slow process of humification, the development of humus in the form of «moder»,by limited participant of soil mezofauna in decomposition of plant residues, the aggregates formed of due to the physico-chemical properties of clay particles and of organic compounds The mountain forest dark-brown soils formed in the midlands are characterized by high activity mezofauna, content - coprolites units , the accumulation of humus in the form of a «forest mull», clayey B2 horizon and the presence of carbonates.

The article outlines the databases of the results on investigation into different organic fertilizers, biological product MERS. It s compared with the calculated rates of mineral fertilizers on productivity of rape treated for feed. It ,s shown that all the types of fertilizers and the biological product positively influence on the nutrition of soil, as well as on the masses stockpiling, nutritional ingredients of the plant and on the size of the rape harvest.

Contaminated soils by heavy metals are relevance issue in agriculture. Problems on contamination of soil and water by heavy metals, as well as the results of research studies and significance of heavy metals in agriculture are considered in this paper. Concentration of heavy metals in soil and water negative influence to the plant development and reduce the productivity of culture. Therefore, the study of a negative impact of heavy metals on agriculture is significant.