Based on field route research, the morphological and physico-chemical properties of soil areas of oil production have been studied, the structure of the soil cover, the characteristic of soils was described, the soil map of the experimental area and the surrounding area 1:50 000 scale was created. During mapping remote sensing methods and GIS technology were used.

As a result of researches, the data, allowing estimating the condition of soil cover of the studied fodder grounds are obtained, to show extents of their degradation and desertification, caused by the influence of natural and anthropogenous factors.

The results of soil micromorphological studies of the Aral Sea's dried bottom. It was showed the formation of aggregates of various forms, the content of plant residues at different stages of decomposition, the uneven distribution of the presence of salts and gley process, showing the transformation of soils in arid conditions. Presence of shell of mollusks and their fragments on all profile of soils is noted. The contents the carbonaceous of the plant residues testifying to their decomposition in anaerobic conditions, and also fragments of algae is revealed, there are with a carbonate cover. Established distinctive properties of soils in the form of a clay crust, typical for takyrs, increases in the maintenance of the of the plant residues and desalinization the surface layer from saline soils seaside to the slightly saline soil.

In this article is stated long term research materials, is estimated modern soil-melioration condition of irrigated soils of Hungry steppe, questions of regulation and optimization of a water-salt regime of soils are considered.

Currently, about 42 percent of the land of the Republic of Kazakhstan are in varying degrees of salinity. Soil salinity is a major limiting factor for cultivation of rice. To solve the problem of effective use of low productivity of saline land and increasing the profitability of agricultural production have devised unconventional methodological approaches based on the use on saline lands on small volume of physiologically active drugs-adaptogens with multifunctional properties enhancing the environmental sustainability of agricultural crops to extreme environmental conditions. The paper presents the results of studies on the effect of preplant treatment of seeds of rice with help of water solution drugs-adaptogens PA-3 and C-l on soil fertility and biological productivity of rice. Found that preplant seed treatment is one of the most effective methods of improving soil fertility and increasing yield of rice in saline soils.

The main objective of this study was to determine changes in soil urease activity in natural macroaggregates development along a slope in Q. cerris and Q. petraea forest soils. This study was carried out in Kocadag, Samsun, Turkey. Four landscape positions i.e., summit, shoulder, back slope 1, back slope 2 and foot slope, were selected. For each landscape position, soil macroaggregates were separated into six aggregate size classes using a dry sieving method and then urease activity was analyzed. In this research, topography influenced the macroaggregate size and urease activity within the aggregates. At all landscape positions, the contents of macro aggregates (especially > 6.3 mm and 2.00-4.75 mm) in all soil samples were higher than other macro aggregate contents. In foot slope position, the soils had generally the higher urease activity than the other positions at all landscape positions. In all positions, except for shoulder, urease activity was greater macro aggregates of < 1 mm than in the other macro aggregate size.

The data of soil nematodes fauna and density on the fields of cotton plant on virgin soil and at the different degree of salinization are in the article. The composition of ecological groups of nematodes studied depending of the method of feed. A soil salted reduced the nematodes density and diversity.

In this paper are given the results of investigation the enzyme activity of soils of nut-fruit forests in the Kukart watershed of Jalal-Abad region of Kyrgyzstan.

The article presents the results of studying the content of mobile forms of nickel and copper in the periodically flooded rice paddy soils. It is found that in soils investigated area found all groups from very low to high copper content. While the Nickel from very low to high.

The article shows the impact of agrochemical parameters of test sites and conditions of nutrient medium for the cultivation of varieties of winter wheat. Revealed that in the rotation after the clover, the partial substitution of fertilizer nitrogen and potassium, and the complete replacement of phosphorus fertilizer organic fertilizer the possibility of high-quality grain harvest.

In the article discussed percentage of nitrogen in dry matter of winter wheat on the tillering. Booting and maturing phases, depending on the phases. The norms and rates of fertilizers impact of proteins collection from per hectare and the quality of grain. The high economic benefit was NP,,,, ECO + N₄₅P₃₀K₃₀ and N₁₅₀P₆₀K₆₀ fertilizer rates.

The estimation of fertility change of light chestnut boghar soils under the agricultural usage. Rotations and major tillage systems, providing a significant increase in total and labile humus, nitrate nitrogen - available phosphorus and exchangeable potassium in the soil. Were established. According to data the expedience of replacing in existing rotations grain-fallow clean fallow field with green manure crops or field with perennial grasses , that is, turning them into green manure and crop rotations grain-grass were revealed.

Results of researches on culture of the late cabbage which has been grown up in a 4-polny intensive vegetable crop rotation are presented in article, put in 1992 on the dark-chestnut soil. In results of research srednesezonny dynamics of a food mode of the dark-chestnut soil, the contents, carrying out of nutritious elements and productivity of heads of cabbage, and also balance and efficiency of nutrients from fertilizers for 6 rotation of a vegetable crop rotation is shown.

Results of researches of an aftereffect of different types of herbicides on suppression of permanent and annual weeds in forest cultures of green zone of Astana and in leas are given in article.