In article on the basis of scientific materials of numerous authors, field experiments and factory floor experience of some research institutions including GosNIIPA "Uzergeodezkadastr" question about evolution and change of fertility of irrigated soils under the influence of agrotechnical receptions of cultivation of agricultural crops is discussed. Consists, that the agricultural technician, directed on increase of a crop of cultures and incorrectly introduced, can not promote increase of fertility of soils.

Established that while considering of the South - East Part of Kazakhstan the productivity tobacco forming into dependence of predecessors. Tobacco cultivation over rotation layer long standing grass and after wheat crops provide for the greatest productivity of tobacco. Cultivation tobacco in system particularized crop rotation increase exit production tobacco at 11.3 and 16.4 % with good stuff quality.

Bacterial fertilizers, in part inoculant fertilizer, were not widely applied in the southern Kazakhstan because the conditions of their effective activity were not studied enough in local soils. It is known that the natural inoculation of nodule bacteria in plant root systems is not observed in all soils. In this case the root systems do not fulfill their function without inoculation and efficiency of legumes decreases. Thus, the selection of nodule bacteria active cultures and development of inoculant fertilizer supply legumes with biological nitrogen, increasing soil fertility and yielding ability. The total amount of soil microorganisms and enzyme activity of chernozems in North Kazakhstan was studied under minimum and zero tillage of soils.

The studying of fauna, density and ecology of soil nematodes in south chernozem with minimal treatment and without treatment in Kostanay region are in the article.

Last time in settlers near of towns the large quantity of preliminary cleared waste (marginal) waters was collected. The joint research work under program ICARDA has shown positive influence of marginal water using, their ecological safety and economic feasibility for an irrigation of fodder and wood plantings in deserted regions of Kazakhstan.

In clauses the results of research of feature of physics-mechanical and technological properties takyr meadow are stated depending on mechanical composition, cultural condition and influence irrigation on them. Statement the basic parameters of these soils properties appealing greatest soils shrinkage, differential porous, mechanical durability aggregate and soils hardness, and also are recommended the practical offer promote to decrease crusting soils for creation in them the best physical condition, necessary to cultural plants.

A soil protective role of 3-year Lucerne as an agro technical method, sharply reducing the process of irrigational erosion on the soils with different levels of erosivity, loss of nutritive substances in soil is shown.

The long-term use of sierozems light in production leads to the transformation of the whole soil formation process. The cultivation of cotton as a monoculture without the additional application of nitrogen mineral fertilizers causes the decrease of organic matter and total nitrogen content. The long-term after action of phosphorus fertilizers is observed under cotton crops.

In clause cultivation of plants of a cotton in a crop rotation positive influence is underlined improvement agrochimical a condition of the ground. At the same time, entering of organic fertilizers into calculation of 40 tons/hectares for rotation of a crop rotation improves aeration of the ground and raises their fertility.

Treating winter wheat seeds with Vitavaks 200 FF and Unum preparations provided optimal seed germination, improvement full growing and development of plant, increase and productivity of grain yield.

Applied into soil pesticides are detoxicated by microorganisms, the speed of which depends on soil temperature, humidity and various nutrients.

The article deals with the results of soil researches held on the territory of the eastern part of the Aral Sea dried bottom and the results of different experiments on phytoamelioration in order to reduce salt, dust leaching and stabilization of mobile sands.