The role of green fertilizers for soil fertility and increasing the yield of agricultural crops

The article discusses the prospects for the introduction of crop sideral crops - white mustard, white clover, spring barley, Rowan-leaved phacelia, oilseed radish on irrigated arable land in the Central part of the Chui valley of Kyrgyzstan after harvesting winter wheat, which corresponds to the basics of organic management of irrigated agriculture. In the arid, hot summer climate of the Chui valley, the cultivation of crop siderates is accompanied by the use of regular irrigation using sprinklers. The issues of accumulation of aboveground and root mass of sideral crops - white mustard, white clover, spring barley, Rowan-leaved phacelia, oilseed radish and their influence on increasing potato yield are studied. The article considers the advantage of joint mineralization of hard - to-decompose forms of plant residues of the previous crop-winter wheat and green phytomass of crop siderates to replenish the organic matter of the soil and to obtain environmentally friendly crop production. The materials of the research work allow us to recommend crop sideral crops on the irrigated arable lands of the Central part of the Chui valley of the KYRGYZ Republic: white mustard, white clover, spring barley, Rowan-leaved phacelia, oilseed radish as green fertilizers.

1. Karabaev N.A. Problems of soil resources and agroecology of the Kyrgyz Republic / Materials of the international scientific and practical conference: A system for creating a feed base for livestock farming based on the intensification of crop production and the use of natural forage lands. RK. -Almalybak.2016, 498-504 p.

2. Karabaev N.A., Azhybekov A.S. and others. Introduction of management innovations in the agro-industrial complex of Kyrgyzstan / Materials of the International Scientific and Practical Conference: Modern aspects of the development of agriculture in the South-West region of Kazakhstan. -Chymkent, 2018, - 360-369 p.

3. Berdnikov A.M. Scientific justification for the use of green fertilizers in modern agri-culture on sod-podzolic soils of Polesie, Ukrainian SSR / Author's abstract. dis. Dr. Agricul-tural Sciences Sci. 1990. - 38 p.

4. Schieder E. Results of a 15-year long-term manure test with straw and manure / E. Schieder, W. Breunig //Archive arable land and crop production and soil science. 1978. - Vol 22. - N10. - Р. 653-687.

5. Steinbrenner K, Smukalski LI. Willibald N. Studies on the influence of straw remov-al, green manure and tillage in wheat monoculture. Diss Hohenheim, 1975. - Р. 475-476.

6. Vetter H. Influence of straw manure on soil and plants / German Agricultural. -1959. № 100. - Р 347.

7. Vetter H. Summer crops and green manure in grain-rich crop rotations, -Magazine for Arable and Plant Cultivation, 1971, V. 12. P. 1-9.

8. Sotnikov B.A. “The influence of biologization techniques on the dynamics of labile forms of organic matter and crop yields” for the academic degree. Ph.D. Voronezh, 2004 02/06/01 general land.

9. Grishina L.A., Samoilova E.M. Biomass accounting and chemical analysis of plants. -Moscow. Moscow State University Publishing House, 1971.-99 p.

10. Levin F.I. Guidelines for determining soil bioproductivity indicators in order to develop practical recommendations for increasing the yield of agricultural crops per unit area. –Moscow, 1973.

11. Kachinsky N.A. Root system of plants in podzolic soils //Proceedings of the Moscow Regional Agricultural Experimental Station.-Moscow: 1925, part 1, - 7 р.

12. Babichev, A. N., Monastyrsky V. A. Efficiency of using green manure on irrigated lands in the Rostov region / Ways to increase the efficiency of irrigated agriculture: collec-tion. Art. FGNU "RosNIIPM" - Novocherkassk, 2010. - Issue. 43. – Р. 88-93.

13. Berzin A.M. Green fertilizer in Central Siberia. - Krasnoyarsk, 2002. - 395 p.

14. Blagoveshchenskaya Z. K., Trishina T. A. Green manure in modern agriculture // Agriculture. 1987. -№ 5. - P. 36-37.

15. Dovban K.I. Green fertilizer in modern agriculture. Questions of theory and practice. - Minsk: Belarusian Science, 2009. - 404 p.

16. Zelenov A.F. The role of green manure in increasing soil fertility / Ways to in crease soil fertility in Dagestan// Agriculture: Russian Journal / VNIITEIAgro-prom. - 1988. - № 1. - P. 7.

17. Kotlyarova O.G. Accumulation of organic matter by green manure crops and the supply of nutrients to the soil during their plowing// Agrochemistry, 1998. N 12. - P. 15-20.

18. Malitsky N.A. Cultivation of winter catch crops as a method of intensifying irrigat-ed agriculture in Uzbekistan [Text] // Author's abstract. diss. for the job application uch. Art. Doctor of Agricultural Sciences: 06.01.01. -Tashkent, 1969. -63 p.

19. Monastyrsky, V. A. Features of the growth and development of green manure on irrigated lands of the Rostov region / Ways to increase the efficiency of irrigated agriculture: collection. Art. FGBNU "RosNIIPM". – Novocherkassk, 2011. – Issue. 45. – Р. 133-135.

20. Loshakov V.G. Influence of long-term stubble green and straw fertilization on the fertility of turf podzolic soils and grain yield. Archive for agriculture and crop production and soil science. 2002. Vol. 48. N. 6. P. 593-602.

21. Willibald N. Studies on the influence of straw removal, green manure and tillage in wheat monoculture. Diss Hohenheim, 1975. - 12 p.

22. Merzlaya G.E., Derzhavin L.M., Zavalin A.A., Loshakov V.G. and others. Recommendations for the effective use of straw and green manure in agriculture. - M.: VNIIA, 2012.- 44 p.