CLASSIFICATION OF DARK GRAY-BROWN (CHESTNUT) SOILS SPATTERED IN SHAMKIRCHAY WATER RESERVOIR BASIN (IN SHAMKIRCHAY WATER RESERVOIR)

Abstract

The territory of the Republic of Azerbaijan is mainly characterized by an arid climate. Dark (chestnut) soils are widespread in the foothills of the Greater and Lesser Caucasus Mountains, formed in large ranges throughout the country.One of the local areas where these lands are spread is the Shamkirchay reservoir basin. The introductory part of the article provides brief information about these soils, analyzes the climatic features (air temperature, atmospheric precipitation and evaporation) that play a key role in their formation, and the effect of relief.The article studies the classification of dark (chestnut) soils, their physical and geographical conditions, description of morphological features of soils, diagnostic indicators.Dark (chestnut) soils with an area of 2886.09 ha were taken as the object of research. As all soils which are alredy formed in the Shamkirchay reservoir basin (dark (chestnut) soils) are considered to be areas with economic potential for agricultural development in the region. For many environmental reasons, the regulation of nature and economic relations in the Shamkir district requires the preparation of proper scientific and works. The article is of and practical importance in the assessment of soils, analysis of diagnostic indicators and monitoring of changes in these territorial units. Based on the results of the chemical analysis of the selected samples of soil were analyzed the main physical, chemical and nutritional elements in the upper layer of the soil, compiled a table and analyzed the results.