Influence of traditional and innovative fertilizers on the productivity of oil flax under drained conditions of southeast Kazakhstan

Very few studies have been conducted on the effectiveness of micronutrient fertilizers, complex fertilizers with chelated forms of microelements, biofertilizers and their combinations in field crops in the south-eastern region, and almost none on oil flax. Their use in agricultural production of the region is considered as an additional reserve in obtaining high and stable yields of agricultural crops. In this regard, we conducted experimental studies on light-chestnut rainfed soil, located in the zone of insufficient moisture of the Almaty region. The purpose of the research was to study the effect of a tank mixture of traditional and innovative fertilizers with chelated forms of microelements of the brand 13-40-13; 12-12-36; 3-11-38, biofertilizer Terra Sorb Complex for pre-sowing seed treatment and foliar feeding and their combinations on the productivity of oil flax. The weather conditions of this year during the vegetation period of oil flax were favorable in terms of soil moisture and with low temperature conditions of the atmospheric air. The number of seeds per capsule was the best in the variant with background + 4 foliar treatments with tank mixture with MACRO+ME and in the variant with background + 4 foliar treatments with NPK with ME (brands: 13-40-13; 12-12-36; 3-11-38) and exceeded the variant without fertilizers (control) by 2.1 pcs. in both cases. Among the studied types, forms, methods, terms and combinations of fertilizers, the greatest weight of 1000 seeds was ensured by the use of 3 and 4 foliar treatments with tank mixture of macrofertilizers with microfertilizers and 3 and 4 foliar treatments with complex fertilizer with chelated forms of microelements of the brand: 13-40-13; 12-12-36 and brand: 13-40-13; 12-12-36; 3-11-38 against the background of mineral fertilizers and pre-sowing treatment with biofertilizer Terra Sorb Complex at 7.2 g. The highest yield of flax seeds of the Karabalyk 7 oilseed variety was provided by the background option + 4 foliar treatments with a tank mixture with MACRO + ME, the background option + 4 foliar treatments with NPK with ME (brands: 40-13-40; 12-12-36; 3-11-38), the background option + 3 foliar treatments with MACRO + ME + BIOfertilizer, the background option + 4 foliar treatments with NPK with ME + BIOfertilizer at 0.89 t/ha, and the increase relative to the control was         0.17 t/ha or 19.2%. When determining the quality of the oil flax crop, it was found that the best fat indicators were obtained with the use of 4-fold foliar treatment with complex fertilizer with chelated forms of microelements of the brand: 40-13-40; 12-12-36; 3-11-38 against the background of fertilizers - 42.0%, and protein - when using 4 foliar treatments with a tank mixture with macro- and microfertilizers against a fertilized background - 28.4%.

1. Sklyarova, M.A. Diagnostika i optimizatsiya tsinkovogo pitaniya kukuruzy na zerno na lugovo-chernozemnoy pochve Zapadnoy Sibiri: dis. … kand. s.-kh. nauk.

2. – Omsk, 2008. – 175 s.

3. Boldysheva, Ye.P. Effektivnost primeneniya mikroudobreny pod ozimuyu rozh na lugovo-chernozemnoy pochve Zapadnoy Sibiri// Vestnik Buryatskoy gosudarstvennoy selskokhozyaystvennoy akademii im. V. R. Filimonova. – 2011. - № 4. – S. 66-71.

4. Popova, V.I, Boldysheva, Ye.P. Bioenergeticheskaya effektivnost primeneniya udobreny pod ozimye zernovye kultury v Zapadnoy Sibiri// Vestnik Altayskogo gosudarstvennogo agrarnogo universiteta. – 2011. – T. 84. - № 10. – S. 10-15.

5. Bobrenko, I.A., Goman N.V, Shuvalova N.V. Effektivnost raznykh priyemov primeneniya tsinkovykh udobreny pod yarovuyu pshenitsu v usloviyakh Zapadnoy Sibiri // Omsky nauchny vestnik. – 2012. - № 1 (108). – S. 142-145.

6. I.A. Bobrenko i dr. Vliyaniye raznykh sposobov vneseniya tsinka na ozimuyu tritikale na urozhaynost zerna v usloviyakh yuzhnoy lesostepi Zapadnoy Sibiri// Plodorodiye. – 2012. - № 3. – S. 7-9.

7. Primeneniye mikroudobreny i regulyatorov rosta v intensivnom zemledelii: rekomendatsii / I.R. Vildflush, T.F. Persikova, P.A. Saskevich, A.R. Tsyganov, O.I. Chikida, A.S. Masterov, O.I. Mishura, M.L. Radkevich, Yu.V. Kogotko, Ye.A. Plevko, O.V. Murzova, Ye.A. Blokhina. – Gorki BGSKhA, 2015. – 48 s.

8. Vinogradova V.S., Khitrova V.I. Vliyaniye udobreny i mikroelementov na urozhay i kachestvo lnoproduktsii// Aktualnye problemy nauki v agropromysh-lennom komplekse: sbornik statey 53-y Mezhd. nauch.-prakt. konf. Kostroma: KGSKhA. - 2002. - T.1. – S. 81-82.

9. Agrokhimiya: uchebnik / V.G. Mineyev i dr.- M.: Izd-vo VNIIA im. Pryanishnikova, 2017. – 854 s.

10. Gaysin, I.A., Pakhomova, V.M. Khelatnye mikroudobreniya i mekhanizm deystviya: monografiya. Yoshkar-Ola, 2014. – 344 s.

11. Mitrokhina, O.A. Effektivnost nekornevoy obrabotki kompleksnymi mikroudobreniyami posevov ozimoy pshenitsy v Kurskoy oblasti// Zemledeliye.

12. – 2015. - № 5. – S. 21-22.

13. Latartsev, P.Yu., Antonova, O.I. Osobennosti potrebleniya osnovnykh ele-mentov pitaniya lnom maslichnym v svyazi s vneseniyem udobreny// Vestnik Al-tayskogo gosudarstvennogo agrarnogo universiteta – 2021. - №10 (204). - S. 32-37.

14. Samsonov, V.P., Golub, I.A., Bachilo, N.G., Savelyev, N.S., Roshka, G.V. Vliyaniye novykh form kompleksnykh udobreny s mikroelementami na rost i razvitiye lna maslichnogo. Lnovodstvo// Zemledeliye i zashchita rasteny. - 2015. - №3. - S. 63-66.

15. Sovremennye agrokhimikaty. Katalog 2016// Effektivnoye pitaniye kultur. Agromaster. Krasnodar, 2016. - 152 s.

16. Lukomets, V. M. Innovatsionnye tekhnologii vozdelyvaniya maslichnykh kultur. – Krasnodar: Prosveshcheniye – Yug, 2017. – 256 s.

17. Milosta, Yu. G., Pirogovskaya, G.V. Vliyaniye kompleksnykh udobreny s khelatsoderzhashchimi formami mikroelementov na kachestvennye pokazateli semyan lna maslichnogo// Materialy konferentsii "Sovremennye tekhnologii selsko-khoz-yaystvennogo proizvodstva": X mezhdunarodnaya nauchno-prakticheskaya konferen-tsiya / Uchrezhdeniye obrazovaniya "Grodnensky gosudarstvenny agrarny univer-sitet".

18. - Grodno: GGAU, 2007. - S. 75.

19. Kshnikatkina, A.N., Zhuravlev, Ye.Yu. Regulyatory rosta i mikroudobreniya-faktory povysheniya produktivnosti lna maslichnogo// Niva Povolzhya. - 2018.

20. - № 4(49). - S. 67-71.

21. Protasov N.A., Shcherbakov A.P. Mikroelementy v chernozemakh i serykh lesnykh pochvakh Tsentralnogo Chernozemya. – Voronezh: Voronezhsky gosudarstven-ny universitet, 2003. – 368 s.

22. Titova, Ye.M., Vnukova M.A. Effektivnost primeneniya kompleksnykh udobreny na posevakh yachmenya yarovogo// Vestnik Orel GAU. – 2011. - № 5 (11). – S. 116-120.

23. Mineyev V. G. Praktikum po agrokhimii. M.: - 2001.-688 s.

24. Dospekhov B.A. Metodika opytnogo dela.M.: - 1973.-336 s.

25. Metodika provedeniya polevykh agrotekhnicheskikh opytov s maslichnymi kulturami / Pod obshchey redaktsiyey V.M. Lukomtsa, chl-korr. RASKhN, d-ra s.-kh. nauk. Izdaniye vtoroye, pererabotannoye i dopolnennoye. - Krasnodar, 2010. - 327 s.