ECOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF OIL ON SOIL-PLANT SYSTEM CONCLUSION

The article is devoted to the study of the impact of oil pollution on the soil-plant system. Estimation of technogenic pollution of Zhanazhol field by oil products is given. Oil products have a negative impact on both the plant system and the soil structure. The impact of spilled oil on plants occurs in different ways - physical, chemical and physiological, which leads to damage to lipid membranes, disruption of cell membrane conductivity. Oil pollution has an inhibitory effect on the development of soil microorganisms and soil enzymes. It is established, that influence of pollution on biological activity (microorganisms, enzymes) is connected with concrete oil fraction. Literature data on the impact of oil contamination of soil on plants are given. Considered the main mechanisms of the impact of oil pollution on the soil-plant system Described: measures for environmental monitoring of soil cover and restoration of soils affected by oil pollution, given the spectral characteristics of plants and soils contaminated with oil, as well as remote sensing data with a view to identifying the reflective properties of oil pollution. It has been revealed that the main factors of the negative impact of oil pollution on the soil-plant system, as noted in the literature, are the toxic effects of oil hydrocarbons and changes in the physical and chemical properties of the soil.

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