MORPHOLOGICAL, AGROCHEMICAL AND AGROPHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF MOUNTAIN-BROWN SOILS IN THE EXTENDED NURATA MOUNTAINS OF THE NAVOIN REGION

This article summarizes the morphological, agrochemical, agrophysical properties of the mountain – brown soils of the areas common in the «Kyzylcha» massifs of the Nurota district of the Navoi region. Geomorphologically, six districts can be distinguished in the studied territories. The main areas under study are located on the middle mountains, located in an area with elevations of 1250–1500 meters above sea level. The soil-forming parodies of this geomorphological area are mainly granites, solonetz, limestones and quartzites. On steep slopes, minor areas are covered with cartilaginous – fine-grained deposits of eluvial, deluvial and proluvial origin. Brown soils are low-power, weakly-carbonate strong-stony, strong-cellular and are not typical representatives of this genetic type. The process of soil formation proceeds on the products of destruction of gravelly -stony deluvium and eluvium and on dense bedrock. Mountain-brown soils in terms of humus content in the soddy horizon is 2,6 %, down the profile its amount gradually decreases. The amount of gross phosphorus in the soddy horizon is 0,120–0,135 %, potassium – 2,017 %. According to the content of exchangeable potassium soils are low provided with 212,1 mg/kg of soil. The content of mobile forms of phosphorus in the sod and under the sod horizon is negligible 4,5–10,0 mg/kg. Along the profile, the CO₂ content of carbonates of the upper horizons does not exceed 3 %. The maximum accumulation of carbonates is noted in the layer 30-45 cm and 100-120 cm, where their content is 9 %. The absorption capacity of the soil is characterized by the amount of absorbed bases and the absorption capacity is 16 - 19 mg/eq per 100 g of soil, which is due to the increase in mineral and organic colloids. The mechanical composition of the soil is dominated by particles of coarse dust (0,05–0,01 mm) and fine sand (0,1 – 0,05), which are contained (43,36–19,48 %). Silty fraction (8,16–12,80 %). Physical clay is in soils (26,26–26,26 %).

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