ОСОБЕННОСТИ МИКРОСТРЕНИЯ ПОЧВ ВОСТОЧНОГО ПРИАРАЛЬЯ

Abstract

This study investigated microstructure of gray-brown desert soil, meadow-desert solonetz and clay takyr of the Eastern Aral sea region. Micromorphological studies showed the surface of the gray-brown soils had gray porous crust, poor differentiation of the soil profile on genetic horizons, intensive mineralization of plant residues, which rich in wax-resins, formation of organic-mineral components related to a greater degree with iron compounds than calcium, the ferruginization and argillization degrees of the middle part the soil profile, distribution of carbonates as spots and gypsum's presence. The surface crust, the salinity of the entire soil profile, solonetsization signs: local distribution of movable clay as thin stream along the edges of the aggregates and distribution of clay carbonate kutan on the pore walls and around the mineral grains and the absence of modern layered humus-clay kutan's illuviation, which typical for solonetzes were determined in the meadow-desert solonetzes. The analysis takyr's microstructure allowed to establish particularity of takyr layers, presence of algae fragments and bunches of biogenic origin, poorly developed process of humus accumulation, argillaceous and carbonate content of the entire soil profile.