INFLUENCE OF SOIL SALINITY EXTENTS AND THE USE OF BIOLOGICAL PREPARATIONS ON THE PRODUCTIVITY OF CORN

Extensive use of the fertility of irrigated soils during the transition period, especially the unsatisfactory condition of irrigation and collector-drainage networks, the non-compliance of their technical parameters with the design standards, led to a sharp deterioration of the soilreclamation conditions of irrigated massifs. Thus, the problem of deterioration of the reclamation state of the soils of irrigated massifs is an urgent problem today, and their solution is one of the priority tasks of soil and biological science. In connection with these circumstances, a technology is proposed that allows you to increase the fertility of saline soils and crop yields in an unfavorable reclamation situation. The article presents the results of the application of a biological product for maize culture in the form of pre-sowing seed treatment and foliar treatments. The data of phenological observations of the plant growth and the number of corn cobs, depending on the applied biological product, are presented. The studied methods of cultivation had different effects on biometric indicators and some elements of the crop structure. In the years of research using biological product marked increase in linear growth of plants, the average height was 238 cm, which is 36.3 cm longer than without the use of a biological product. The use of innovative technology to increase the fertility of saline soils allowed the farms of the Shaulder irrigation massif to increase the yield of corn on saline soils. Depending on the degree of soil salinity, the yield of corn for grain increased on unsalted soils to 40.0 % (110,2 c/ha) compared to the control variant of 71.1 c/ha. In weak and medium - saline soils - 81.2-83.9 c/ha compared to the control (62.5-63.5 c/ha), the increase was 30.0-32.1 %, respectively. In highly saline soils, the increase in the yield of corn for grain was 11.4 % (53,4 c/ha), with the yield on the control – 47.1 c / ha.

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