Study of the soil water and nutrient regime in the cultivation of spring wheat using conservation technology in a grain-fallow crop rotation on southern chernozems of the Kostanay Region

The studies were conducted on the experimental plots of “AES ‘Zarechnoye’” LLP, located near the village of Zarechnoye. The study area has a long history of agricultural use, and since 2001 a conservation farming system based on No-till technology has been implemented here. Since 2023, within the framework of the research, a field experiment with a 4-field grainfallow crop rotation has been established: herbicide fallow – wheat – wheat – wheat. No-till technology is applied. The crop used is spring wheat of the Omskaya 18 variety. In 2024, the highest grain yield was recorded on plots used for sowing the first crop after herbicide fallow in the grain crop rotation – 27.47 c/ha. Analysis of the grain crop rotation showed that spring wheat grown as the first crop after fallow was classified as second quality class. Wheat grown as the second and third crops after fallow was classified as third quality class due to lower gluten indicators.

1. Zakieva A.A., Tokenova A.M., Dosmaғanbetova A.O., Nesіpxan M.E. Sheteldіk selekciyanyn bidaj sorttarynyn bejіmdelu kabіletіn bagalau // Mnogoprofilnyj nauchnyj zhurnal Kostanajskogo regionalnogo universiteta im. A. Bajtursynova «3i: intellect, idea, innovation – intellekt, ideya, innovaciya». – 2024. – № 4. – S. 95-100. – DOI: https:// doi.org/10.52269/22266070_2024_4_95.

2. Ermakova O.V., Yashhenko S.N. Struktura urozhaya yarovoj myagkoj pshenicy v zavisimosti ot srokov poseva // Strategicheskie resursy Tyumenskogo APK: lyudi, nauka, tekhnologii: sb. tr. LIX mezhdunar. nauch.-prakt. konf. studentov, aspirantov i molodykh uchenykh. – Tyumen, 2024. – S. 5-11.

3. Vasilevskij V.D., Kuz`mina E.S. Zavisimost` sroka poseva myagkoj yarovoj pshenicy ot dinamiki solnechnoj aktivnosti v yuzhnoj lesostepi Zapadnoj Sibiri // Agrarnaya nauka v realizacii doktriny prodovolstvennoj bezopasnosti Rossijskoj Federacii. Sbornik statej Vserossijskoj (nacionalnoj) nauchno-prakticheskoj konferencii, posvyashhyonnoj 100-letiyu osnovaniya otdela zemledeliya SibNIISX. – Omsk, 2024. – S. 137-144.

4. Batudaev A.P., Cydypov B.S., Sobolev V.A. Nauchnye issledovaniya srokov poseva yarovoj pshenicy v usloviyax Zabajkalya // Vestnik Buryatskoj gosudarstvennoj selskokhozyajstvennoj akademii im. V.R. Filippova. – 2020. – №2 (59). – S. 160-168. – DOI: https://doi.org/10.34655/bgsha.2020.59.2.022.

5. Morozov V.I., Tojgildin A.L., Sharonova E.M. Urozhajnost yarovoj pshenicy i kachestva zerna pri biologizacii sevooborotov lesostepi Povolzhya // Vestnik Izhevskoj GSXA. – 2009. – № 1. – S. 45-48.

6. Lobkov V.T. Opyt Orlovskoj oblasti v razrabotke i prakticheskoj realizacii biologizirovannyx sistem zemledeliya // Zernobobovye i krupyanye kultury. – 2017. – №2 (22). – S. 55-59.

7. Loshakov V.G. Zeleny`e udobreniya v zemledelii Rossii (k 150-letiyu so dnya rozhdeniya D.N. Pryanishnikova). – M.: VNIIA, 2015. – 300 s.

8. Loshhinina A.E. Sravnitelnaya ocenka agrotexnologij raznoj intensivnosti i urozhajnost polevyx kultur v usloviyax Verxnevolzhya: dis. … kand. s.-x. nauk: 06.01.01; [Mesto zashhity: Ros. gos. agrar. un-t]. – Moskva, 2017. – 140 s.

9. Seminchenko E.V. Balans gumusa, elementov pitaniya i produktivnost biologizirovannyx sevooborotov // Permskij agrarnyj vestnik. – 2018. – № 2 (22). – S. 89-94.

10. Kozlova L.M., Popov F.A., Noskova E.N. Sevooborot kak glavnyj faktor adaptivnolandshaftnogo ispolzovaniya zemel // Vestnik Marijskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Seriya «Selskoxozyajstvennye nauki. Ekonomicheskie nauki». – 2020. – № 6. – S. 295-304. – DOI: https://doi.org/10.30914/2411-9687-2020-6-3-295-303.

11. Nemcev S.N., Sharipova R.B. Ocenka agrometeorologicheskix pokazatelej atmosfernyx zasux i urozhajnosti zernovyx kultur v izmenyayushhixsya usloviyax regionalnogo klimata // Izvestiya Samarskoj gosudarstvennoj selskoxozyajstvennoj akademii. – 2020. – № 1. – S. 10-17.

12. Suxoveeva O.E`. Izmeneniya klimaticheskix uslovij i agroklimaticheskix resursov v Centralnom rajone Nechernozemnoj zony // Vestnik Voronezhskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Seriya «Geografiya. Geoekologiya». – 2016. – № 4. – S. 41-49.

13. Sharipova R.B. Tendencii izmeneniya klimata i agroklimaticheskix resursov Ulyanovskoj oblasti i ix vliyanie na urozhajnost zernovyx kultur; Samarskij federalnyj issledovatelskij centr RAN, Ulyanovskij nauchno-issledovatelskij institut selskogo xozyajstva. – Ulyanovsk: Ul`yanovskij gosudarstvennyj texnicheskij universitet, 2020. – 137 s.

14. Roychowdhury Rajib, Choudhury Shuvasish, Hasanuzzaman Mirza, Srivastava Sangeeta // Sustainable Agriculture in the Era of Climate Change. – 2020. – 690 p. – DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-45669-6.

15. Uprety D., Reddy V.R., Mura J.D. Climate Change and Agriculture: A Historical Analysis. – 2019. – 88 p. – DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-2014-9.

16. Popova E.N., Popov I.O. Klimaticheskie faktory, opredelyayushchie granicy arealov vreditelej i vozbuditelej boleznej selskokhozyajstvennykh rastenij, i raschetnye metody ocenki izmeneniya arealov pri izmenenii klimata // Problemy ekologicheskogo monitoringa i modelirovaniya ekosistem. – 2013. – T. 25. – S. 175-204.

17. Tojgildin A.L., Podsevalov M.I., Tojgildina I.A., Ayupov D.E., Mustafina R.A. Bobovye predshestvenniki, obrabotka pochvy i zashhita rastenij v agrotexnologiyax yarovoj pshenicy Srednego Povolzh`ya // Izvestiya Timiryazevskoj selskoxozyajstvennoj akademii. – 2021. – № 5. – S. 77-88. – DOI: https://doi.org/10.26897/0021-342X-2021-5-77-88.

18. Mamykın E.V., Filonov V.M., Nazdrachev Ya.P., Nazarova P.E. Effektivnost primeneniya mineralnykh udobrenij pod yarovuyu myagkuyu pshenicu pri tradicionnom zemledelii // Pochvovedenie i agrokhimiya. – 2021. – № 3. – S. 55-64. – DOI: https:// doi.org/10.51886/1999-740X_2021_3_55.

19. Praktikum po zemledeliyu: ucheb. posobie / pod red. S.A. Vorobeva. – 4-e izd., dop. i pererab. – M., 1971. – 311 s.

20. Yushkevich L.V., Shchitov A.G., Pakhotina I.V. Urozhajnost i kachestvo zerna yarovoj pshenicy v zavisimosti ot tekhnologii vozdelyvaniya v lesostepi Zapadnoj Sibiri // Zemledelie. – 2019. – № 1. – S. 32-34. – DOI: https://doi.org/10.24411/0044-3913-2019-10109.