Assessment of soil contamination with heavy metals in the area of the municipal solid waste landfill in Astana

This article is devoted to assessing the level of soil contamination by heavy metals at the municipal solid waste landfill located in the city of Astana. During the study, chemical analysis was conducted on soil samples collected from adjacent areas within the administrative zone of Astana, 6 km along the Alash highway, near the landfill managed by LLP "Eco Polygon Astana". Mobile forms of heavy metals were identified and environmentally classified by their hazard levels. The presence of mobile forms of mercury, zinc, and arsenic (hazard class I), as well as copper, nickel, cobalt, antimony, chromium, and lead (hazard class II) was established. The degree of soil contamination was assessed using the hazard coefficient (Ko) and the total pollution coefficient (Zc), followed by comparison with the maximum permissible concentrations. The results showed that heavy metal concentrations in the landfill area and surrounding zones exceed acceptable levels, with the environmental hazard level classified as "hazardous" and "slightly hazardous". The obtained data allow for a comprehensive assessment of the landfill's environmental impact, soil conditions in the surrounding environment, and the potential harm to nature.

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