ACCUMULATION OF PLANT RESIDUE AND THEIR INFLUENCE ON THE HUMUS CONDITION OF SOILS OF RICE-LUCERN CROPTATION

The article presents the results of a study of the agronomic role of root and crop residues under conditions of soil flooding. It has been established that the humus state of rice-marsh soils under rice, subject to the alternation of crops in the crop rotation, does not undergo drastic changes. There is a positive correlation between the amount of humus and the content of root masses. The biogenicity and fertility of soils under rice cultivation is directly dependent on the predecessor and the mechanical composition of the soil. The highest content of the root mass in the original samples was in the field, where the predecessor layer was alfalfa, but the sowing of rice in the layer led to a decrease in it by the end of the season (in autumn) by more than 2 times, which indicates a high rate of mineralization of organic residues in rice soils. Thus, there is a constant transformation of organic residues, which depends on the predecessor and crop rotation. During the entire growing season, aerobic fiber-decomposing microorganisms predominated in the soils under rice sowing along the alfalfa layer.Aerobic forms of fiber-decomposing microorganisms also dominated in the soils under rice sowing along the turnover of the alfalfa layer. In seasonal dynamics, there was a sharp increase in the number of fiber-decomposing microorganisms.The conducted studies showed that in the soils with alfalfa crops under the cover of barley in the spring, fungi of the Mucor Trichoderma genera predominated. Actinomycetes Act. albus and fungi Trichoderma dominated in the soils along the alfalfa layer, and mucosal fungi and actinomycetes (Act. albus) dominated in the soils along the turnover of the alfalfa layer.

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