FERTILITY OF RICE-SWEET SOILS OF THE AKDALA IRRIGATION MASS (ON THE EXAMPLE OF AF "BYRLYK"), PART 2

The article presents the results of studies carried out in heavy loamy rice-boggy soils of the Akdala irrigated massif. It was found that more total and water-soluble humus was contained in heavy soils than in light soils. At the same time, it was revealed that in the rice-boggy soils of heavy texture along the layer and turnover of the alfalfa layer, the greatest amount of humus accumulated in all years of rotation. The humus content in autumn increased more than 3 times as compared to the original soil (in spring). The amount of water-soluble humus also varied in the phases of rice vegetation and increased at the end of the season. The content of the latter was also higher in heavy soils than in light soils. A completely different picture for the phases of rice vegetation is observed for the content of easily hydrolyzed nitrogen, the amount of which at the end of the season is lower than at the beginning in all soils. At the same time, the largest amount of hydrolyzable nitrogen was contained in heavy soils according to the turnover of the alfalfa layer: 116 mg / kg in the 0 - 24 cm layer and 109 mg / kg in the 24 - 80 cm layer. By the end of the season, these indicators had almost halved to 86 mg / kg. and 50.4 mg / kg, respectively. In heavy soils, the content of nitrogen and humus is higher due to more favorable conditions for humus formation in them and the fixation of the bulk of humic substances with calcium and clay minerals, which corresponds to the results obtained by scientists given in the literature review above. Comparative characteristics of the nitrogen content over the years shows that its amount remains stable, no sharp changes in the direction of increase or decrease occur. Thus, the content of total and water-soluble humus, total and easily hydrolyzable nitrogen is higher in heavy soils than in light ones: 1.34 %; 0.004 %; 0.125 %; 88.0 mg / kg, respectively. The most common humus was contained in the variants where the precursor was a 1.5 % turnover of the alfalfa bed. In the variants where the alfalfa layer was the predecessor, soils of heavy texture were more favorable.

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