Assessment of the agrochemical and soil-reclamation condition of lands adjacent to the Koksarai reservoir based on gis and field studies

This article examines the complex impact of reservoirs on the state of agricultural lands, especially on soil fertility and ecosystems. The aim of the research work is to determine the agrochemical indicators and ameliorative condition of soils in the area adjacent to the Koksaray reservoir, followed by the development of scientifically-based recommendations for rational land use and their introduction into agricultural circulation. During the research, comprehensive agrochemical studies of soils were carried out in the southern part of the Shauldir irrigated array in the Otyrar district of Turkestan region. Field and laboratory methods were used (agrochemical analysis, GPS, satellite data, NDVI index analysis). The results showed a significant level of soil salinity at depths of 0-20 cm, 20-50 cm, and 50-100 cm. In particular, at a depth of 0-20 cm, very strongly saline soils comprise 42.4%, at 20-50 cm – 70.5%, and at 50-100 cm – 96.0%. This indicates the need for urgent reclamation measures (salt leaching, construction of drainage systems, introduction of salt-tolerant crops) on most of this territory. The article also presents the results of soil fertility analysis, including the content of humus, nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. In many areas, the level of humus and nitrogen was low, while the content of phosphorus and potassium was relatively favorable.

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