Influence of geomorphological conditions on the technological development of organic farming in Kostanay region

The development of organic farming in Kazakhstan faces a number of challenges, primarily due to the insufficient scientific basis aimed at increasing crop yields under diverse natural conditions and agro-landscapes. In this context, research focused on identifying factors that determine the stability of agroecosystems and the efficiency of land use becomes particularly relevant. This article presents the results of studies conducted on the territory of the “Bekseitov Aidarbek Zhumagazievich” farm in the Fyodorov district of Kostanay region. The objective of the study was to assess the influence of geomorphological conditions on the structure of agricultural lands and to develop adaptive landscape systems for organic farming. Based on digital cartography of landform types, slope gradients and slope exposures, an algorithm for GIS-based land assessment was proposed, enabling a comprehensive characterization of agro-landscapes. The agroecological grouping of lands carried out in the study identified key geomorphological factors that determine agricultural land use directions. Practical recommendations for crop cultivation were developed taking into account landform and soil cover features. The obtained results form a scientific basis for sustainable and ecologically balanced land use, enhance the efficiency of organic farming under the conditions of Northern Kazakhstan, and also contribute to reducing anthropogenic-technogenic pressure on soils and increasing the potential productivity of agricultural crop.

1. Pashkang N.N., Savin O.I., Galkina Ye.A., Apevalova Z. V. Organicheskoye selskoye khozyaystvo - odno iz perspektivnykh napravleny razvitiya agroekonomicheskoy nauki i obrazovaniya// Istoriya, sostoyaniye i perspektivy razvitiya agroekonomicheskoy nauki i obrazovaniya: materialy mezhdunar. nauch.-prakt. konf. - Voronezh, 2016. – S. 114-120.

2. Meemken, Eva-Marie, Qaim, Matin. Organic Agriculture, Food Security, and the Environment// Annual Review of Resource Economics. - 2018. - V. 10. – P. 39–63.

3. Hroma, I. Interconnection of organic agriculture, health, and sustainability: Bibliometric analysis// Health Economics and Management Review. - 2024. - V.5 (4). - P. 47-74.

4. Rubanov I.N. Sokha uzhe ne zovet// Ekspert. - 2011. - № 16 (750). - C. 52-58.

5. Moskaleva S.A., Kiryushin A.V., Maslyaev V.N., Khomyakova Ya.R. Monitoring zemel selskokhozyaystvennogo naznacheniya v munitsipalnom obrazovanii// Zemleustroystvo, kadastr nedvizhimosti i monitoring zemelnykh resursov: materialy Vseros. nauch.-prakt. konf. - Ulan-Ude, 2019. - S. 146-149.

6. Sedov P. S., Maslyaev V. N. Modelirovaniye protsessov migratsii zagryaz-nyayushchikh veshchestv v landshaftno-geokhimicheskikh sistemakh Mordovii// Prirodno-proizvodstvennye sistemy regionov kompaktnogo prozhivaniya finno-ugorskikh narodov: materialy mezhvuz. sb. nauch. trudov. - Saransk, 2012. - T. 2. - S. 234-246.

7. Barabanov, A.T. Principles of adaptive-landscape generation and development of soil protection agricultural systems// Geogr. Nat. Resour. - 2016. – V. 37. - P. 106–113.

8. A. Pereponova, G. Lischeid, K. Grahmann, S. Dorothea Bellingrath-Kimura, F.A. Ewert. Use of the term “landscape” in sustainable agriculture research// A literature review, Heliyon. - 2023. – V. 9 (11).

9. V. I. Kiryushin. Prospects for the development of adaptive landscape farming systems in Russia// IOP Conf. Series: Earth and Environmental Science. – Voronezh, 2022. - P. 1-6.

10. Li, S., Xiong, L., Li, Y. et al. A multilevel dataset of landform mapping and geomorphologic descriptors for the Loess Plateau of China// Sci Data. -2024. - V. 11 (1282). - P. 1-14.

11. Virginia H. Dale, Keith L. Kline, Stephen R. Kaffka, J. W. A. (Hans) Langeveld. A landscape perspective on sustainability of agricultural system// Landscape Ecology. – 2013. – V.28. - P. 1111-1123.

12. Kiryushin V.I. Teoriya adaptivno-landshaftnogo zemledeliya i proyektirovaniye agrolandshaftov. – M.: Kolos, 2011. – 443 s.

13. Kiryushin V.I. Ekologicheskiye osnovy zemledeliya. - M.: Kolos, 1996. - 550 s.

14. Kiryushin V.I. Kontseptsiya adaptivno-landshaftnogo zemledeliya. – Pushchino, 1993 - 64 s.

15. Kiryushin V.I. Metodologiya formirovaniya tekhnology vozdelyvaniya selskokhozyaystvennykh kultur// Izvestiya TSKhA. – 1996. - Vyp. 2. - S. 32 – 39.

16. Wang, N., Xue, J., Peng, J., Biswas, A., He, Y., Shi, Z. Integrating remote sensing and landscape characteristics to estimate soil salinity using machine learning methods: A case study from Southern Xinjiang, China// Remote Sens. - 2020. - V. 12 (4118). - P. 1–21

17. Natsionalnye sistemy vysot v geodezii [Elektronny resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natsionalnye_sistemy_vysot_v_geodezii, svobodny.