kaz65Почвоведение и агрохимияSoil Science and Agrichemistry1999-740X2959-3433Казахский научно-исследовательский институт почвоведения и агрохимии имени У.У. Успанова10.51886/1999-740X_2025_2_46kaz65-984Research ArticleАгрохимияAgrochemistryИнтеграция фертигации и цифровых технологий для устойчивого производства яблок в полуаридных условияхIntegration of fertigation and digital technologies for sustainable apple production in semi-arid conditionshttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8544-8992ЖандыбаевО.ZhandybayevO.

050060, Алматы, пр. аль-Фараби, 75 В

Orken Zhandybayev – Junior research fellow of Agrochemistry Department, Postdoctoral student

050060, Almaty, al-Farabi ave., 75B

mr.orken@yandex.kzhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-4712-9018АмировБ.AmirovB.

050060, Алматы, пр. аль-Фараби, 75 В

Bakhytbek Amirov – head of Agrochemistry Department, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Associated Professor

050060, Almaty, al-Farabi ave., 75B

bak.amirov@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-9098-5012БаматовИ.BamatovI.

119017, Москва, Пыжевский переулок, 7

Ibragim Bamatov – deputy Director of the All-Russian Research Institute of Reclaimed Lands, Doctor of biological science

119017, Moscow, Pyzhevskiy lane,7

ibragim-1991@mail.ruТОО «Казахский научно-исследовательский институт почвоведения и агрохимии им. У.У. Успанова»Казахстан"Kazakh Research Institute of Soil Science and Agrochemistry named after U.U. Uspanova" LLPKazakhstanФГБНУ «Почвенный институт им. В.В. Докучаева», ФИЦРоссия”V. Dokuchaev Soil Science Institute”, FRCRussian Federation20250907202502Почвоведение и агрохимия4658Copyright © Жандыбаев О., Амиров Б., Баматов И., 20252025Жандыбаев О., Амиров Б., Баматов И.Zhandybayev O., Amirov B., Bamatov I.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://journal.soil.kz/jour/article/view/984

Несмотря на благоприятные условия Южного Казахстана, импорт яблок покрывает 57% внутреннего спроса. В 2019–2022 гг. в ТОО «Кентау» (Туркестанская область) исследовалась технология фертигации, интегрированная с мобильным приложением «FertiSmart», на серо-коричневых почвах. Система основывалась на 16-факторном анализе почвы, данных БПЛА, тензиометров и коэффициента динамической иммобилизации и корректировки минерализации (DIMA). Применение минеральных удобрений по приложению «FertiSmart» повысило урожайность до 30.6 т/га (против 24.7 т/га при почвенном внесении и 13.6 т/га в контроле), товарность — до 93.9%, содержание сахара — до 24.1% Brix, твёрдость плодов — до 78.5 Н. Выщелачивание питательных веществ снизилось на 20–30%, эффективность использования воды возросла на 5–10%, содержание гумуса стабилизировалось на уровне 2.12%. Затраты на удобрения сократились на 15–20%, а усвоение N, P и K растениями составило 92.3%, 48.6% и 87.4% соответственно. Предложенная модель повышает продуктивность, устойчивость и экологическую эффективность производства яблок, способствуя продовольственной безопасности и устойчивому развитию сельского хозяйства Казахстана. 

Kazakhstan’s apple industry, despite favorable semi-arid conditions in Southern Kazakhstan, depends on 57% imports. This study, conducted from 2019 to 2022 at the “Kentau” LLP orchard in Turkestan, assessed the efficacy of fertigation integrated with the “FertiSmart” mobile application to enhance apple production on gray-brown soils. Utilizing “FertiSmart”’s comprehensive 16-factor soil analysis, unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) imagery, tensiometer data, and the Dynamic Immobilization and Mineralization Adjustment (DIMA) coefficient, the fertigation approach yielded significant improvements. Results demonstrated a gross yield of 30.6 t/ha, 93.9% marketability, 24.1% Brix sugar content, and 78.5 N fruit firmness, outperforming soil incorporation (24.7 t/ha, 81.5% marketability) and control treatments (13.6 t/ha, 62.2% marketability). Additionally, fertigation reduced nutrient leaching by 20–30% (3.24 kg/ha N compared to 7.82 kg/ha for soil incorporation), increased water use efficiency by 5–10% (50.8 kg/m³ vs. 39.4 kg/m³), and maintained humus content at 2.12%. The “FertiSmart” application further optimized resource use, cutting fertilizer costs by 15–20% and enhancing nutrient uptake efficiencies (92.3% N, 48.6% P, 87.4% K). This scalable, technology-driven model promotes productivity, soil health, and environmental sustainability, aligning with Kazakhstan’s objectives for food security and sustainable agriculture.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.