kaz65Почвоведение и агрохимияSoil Science and Agrichemistry1999-740X2959-3433Казахский научно-исследовательский институт почвоведения и агрохимии имени У.У. Успанова10.51886/1999-740X_2024_4_85kaz65-915Research ArticleАгрохимияAgrochemistryИзучение влияния органоминеральных удобрений-мелиорантов на основе природных алюмосиликатов и биологически активных веществ на рост растений кукурузы. Часть 1Impact of organomineral fertilizers-ameliorants based on natural aluminosilicates and biologically active substances on a corn growth. Part 1ГазизовА. Д.GazizovА. D.

050060; аль-Фараби 75 В; Алматы

Aidyn Doldashevich Gazizov, head of the scientific research laboratory

050060; al-Farabi avenue, 75 В; Almaty

gaziz.aydin@gmail.comАманжолқызыА.AmanzholkyzyА.

050060; аль-Фараби 75 В; 050040; аль-Фараби 71; Алматы

Arailym Amanzholkyzy, scientific secretary, scientific researcher, Master of natural sciences

050060; al-Farabi avenue, 75 В; 050040; al-Farabi avenue, 71; Almaty

arai13_95@list.ruАмировБ. М.AmirovB. М.

050060; аль-Фараби, 75 В; Алматы

Bakhytbek Mustafauly Amirov, Head of the department, Candidate ofAgricultural Sciences, associate professor

agrochemistry department

050060; al-Farabi avenue, 75 В; Almaty

bak.amirov@gmail.comСапаровГ. А.SaparovG. А.

050060; аль-Фараби 75 В; 050060; аль-Фараби; Алматы

Galymzhan Abdullayevich Saparov, Director General, Head of the department, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, associate professor

soil ecology department

050060; al-Farabi avenue, 75 В; 050060; al-Farabi avenue, 75 В; Almaty

saparov.g@mail.ruНаучно-исследовательский центр экологии и окружающей среды Центральной Азии (Алматы)КазахстанResearch Centre of Ecology and Environment of Central Asia (Almaty)KazakhstanНаучно-исследовательский центр экологии и окружающей среды Центральной Азии (Алматы); Казахский Национальный университет имени аль-ФарабиКазахстанResearch Centre of Ecology and Environment of Central Asia (Almaty); Al-Farabi Kazakh National UniversityKazakhstanКазахский научно-исследовательский институт почвоведения и агрохимии имени У.У. УспановаКазахстанU.U. Uspanov Kazakh Research Institute of Soil Science and AgrochemistryKazakhstanНаучно-исследовательский центр экологии и окружающей среды Центральной Азии (Алматы); Казахский научно-исследовательский институт почвоведения и агрохимии имени У.У. УспановаКазахстанResearch Centre of Ecology and Environment of Central Asia (Almaty); U.U. Uspanov Kazakh Research Institute of Soil Science and AgrochemistryKazakhstan202429122024048598Copyright © Газизов А.Д., Аманжолқызы А., Амиров Б.М., Сапаров Г.А., 20242024Газизов А.Д., Аманжолқызы А., Амиров Б.М., Сапаров Г.А.Gazizov А.D., Amanzholkyzy А., Amirov B.М., Saparov G.А.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://journal.soil.kz/jour/article/view/915

   В данной работе исследуется влияние вспученного вермикулита, гуминовых веществ и органоминеральных мелиорант-удобрений, полученных путем иммобилизации гуминовых веществ на вспученный вермикулит, на рост растений кукурузы. Иммобилизация гуминовых веществ на природные алюмосиликаты, как вспученный вермикулит, позволяет достичь синергетического эффекта, объединяющего мелиорирующие свойства вспученного вермикулита, который улучшает структуру почвы и водоудерживающую способность, с удобряющими свойствами гуминовых веществ, стимулирующих рост растений и повышающих их устойчивость к стрессам. Кроме того, применение данного органоминерального мелиорант-удобрения пролонгированного действия способствует поддержанию плодородия почвы на длительный срок за счет постепенного высвобождения питательных веществ и улучшения агрохимических характеристик почвы. В лабораторных экспериментах рассматриваются показатели общей биомассы, массы корней и надземной части, количества и массы зеленых листьев, а также морфометрические параметры, такие как высота растений и толщина стеблей. Полученные результаты демонстрируют значительное улучшение роста растений при использовании разработанных мелиорант-удобрений в условиях дефицита влаги и сильно истощенных почв. По результатам эксперимента общая биомасса с корнями увеличилась на 57,3 % при использовании вспученного вермикулита и на 80,7 % при добавлении гуминовых веществ. Применение мелиорант-удобрения «ГумиВер» (почва : ГумиВер / 9 : 1) увеличило биомассу на 127,6 % по сравнению с контролем, что подтверждает синергетическии эффект между компонентами мелиорант-удобрения. Увеличение массы надземной части и массы корней при использовании мелиорант-удобрения «ГумиВер» составило 135,8 и 107,3 % соответственно.

   This paper studies the impact of expanded vermiculite, humic substances and organomineral ameliorant fertilizers obtained by immobilizing humic substances on expanded vermiculite on the growth of corn plants. Immobilization of humic substances on natural aluminosilicates, such as expanded vermiculite allows achieving a synergistic effect combining the ameliorative properties of expanded vermiculite, which improves soil structure and water-holding capacity with the fertilizing properties of humic substances, stimulating plant growth and increasing their resistance to stress. In addition, the use of this organomineral ameliorant-fertilizer of prolonged action helps maintain soil fertility for a long time due to the gradual release of nutrients and improvement of the agrochemical characteristics of the soil. Indicators of total biomass, root and aboveground part mass, number and mass of green leaves, as well as morphometric parameters such as plant height and stem thickness were considered in laboratory experiments. The obtained results demonstrate a significant improvement in plant growth when using the developed ameliorant fertilizers under conditions of moisture deficiency and highly depleted soils. According to the results of the experiment, the total biomass with roots increased by 57.3 % when using expanded vermiculite and by 80.7% when adding humic substances. The use of the ameliorant fertilizer "GumiVer" (soil : GumiVer/9 : 1) increased the biomass by 127.6 % compared to the control, which confirms the synergistic effect between the components of the ameliorant fertilizer. The increase in the mass of the aboveground part and the mass of roots when using the ameliorant fertilizer "GumiVer" was 135.8 and 107.3 %, respectively.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.