kaz65Почвоведение и агрохимияSoil Science and Agrichemistry1999-740X2959-3433Казахский научно-исследовательский институт почвоведения и агрохимии имени У.У. Успанова10.51886/1999-740X_2024_3_33kaz65-886Research ArticleЗасоление и мелиорация почвSoil salinization and reclamationМелиоративное улучшение деградированных орошаемых земель на юге Казахстана с использованием химической мелиорацииAmeliorative improvement of degraded irrigated lands in the south of Kazakhstan using chemical reclamationМирдадаевМ. С.MirdadayevM. S.

080003, Тараз, ул. Койгельды 12, Казахстан 

Mirdadayev Mirobit Salimovich - leading researcher of the department of "Melioration, ecology and water supply", Candidate of Technical Sciences

080003, Taraz, K. Koigeldy str., 12, Kazakhstan

mirdadaev@mail.ruБасмановА. В.BasmanovA. V.

080003, Тараз, ул. Койгельды 12, Казахстан 

Basmanov Aleksandr Viktorovich - senior researcher of the department of "Melioration, ecology and water supply", Master of Agricultural Sciences

080003, Taraz, K. Koigeldy str., 12, Kazakhstan

a.basmanov@mail.ruБалгабаевН. Н.BalgabayevN. N.

080003, Тараз, ул. Койгельды 12, Казахстан 

Balgabayev Nurlan Nurmakhanovich - General Director, Doctor of Agricultural Sciences

080003, Taraz, K. Koigeldy str., 12, Kazakhstan

balgabayev@mail.ruХожановН. Н.KhozhanovN. N.

080003, Тараз, ул. Койгельды 12, Казахстан 

Khozhanov Nietbay Nurzhanovich - senior researcher of the department of "Melioration, ecology and water supply", Candidate of Agricultural Sciences

080003, Taraz, K. Koigeldy str., 12, Kazakhstan

khozhanov55@mail.ruКазахский научно-исследовательский институт водного хозяйстваКазахстанKazakh Scientific Research Institute of Water EconomyKazakhstan202409102024033444Copyright © Мирдадаев М.С., Басманов А.В., Балгабаев Н.Н., Хожанов Н.Н., 20242024Мирдадаев М.С., Басманов А.В., Балгабаев Н.Н., Хожанов Н.Н.Mirdadayev M.S., Basmanov A.V., Balgabayev N.N., Khozhanov N.N.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://journal.soil.kz/jour/article/view/886

В статье представлены исследования энергоэффективного использования химической мелиорации на деградированных орошаемых землях Республики Казахстан. По результатам исследований выявлено, что комплексное применение определенных технологии химической мелиорации обеспечивает благоприятный солевой режим почвы и получение высоких урожаев зерна кукурузы при экономии топливно-энергетических ресурсов. При проведении химической мелиорации на орошаемых деградированных землях с применением водосберегающих технологий полива, внесением минеральных и жидких химических мелиорантов: фосфогипс (CaSO4ꞏ2H2O)+водный аммиак (NH3+NH4OH) (доза фосфогипса 5 т/га+водныи аммиак доза 50 кг/га, концентрация 25%) - в корнеобитаемом слое обеспечивается снижение токсичных солей и увеличение нетоксичных. Это в целом приводит к улучшению состояния и продуктивности таких земель, так урожайность зерна кукурузы в данном варианте исследовании превысила контрольный вариант с дискретным и капельным орошением соответственно на 20,7-20,9 ц/га.

The article presents studies of energy-efficient use of chemical reclamation on degraded irrigated lands of the Republic of Kazakhstan. According to the research results, it has been revealed that the combined use of certain chemical reclamation technologies provides a favorable salt regime of the soil and obtaining high yields of corn grain with savings of fuel and energy resources. When carrying out chemical melioration on irrigated degraded lands using water-saving irrigation technologies and adding mineral and liquid chemical meliorants: phosphogyp-sum (CaSO4ꞏ2H2O)+aqueous ammonia (NH3+NH4OH) (phosphogypsum dose 5 t/ ha+aqueous ammonia dose 50 kg/ha, concentration 25%) - in the root zone, a decrease in toxic salts and an increase in non-toxic ones are ensured. This generally leads to an improvement in the condition and productivity of such lands, so the yield of corn grain in this research option exceeded the control option with discrete and drip irrigation, respectively, by 20.7-20.9 c/ha. 

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.