kaz65Почвоведение и агрохимияSoil Science and Agrichemistry1999-740X2959-3433Казахский научно-исследовательский институт почвоведения и агрохимии имени У.У. Успанова10.51886/1999-740X_2023_4_95kaz65-820Research ArticleАГРОЭКОЛОГИЯОценка эрозии почвы и состояния качества воды в нижней части Сырдарьи с использованием метода арифметического индекса качества водыAssesment of the soil erosion & water quality state in the downstream portion of Syrdarya using the water quality index arithmetic methodСалехиФ.SalehiF.

050020, Almaty, Abay Avenue, 8

Salehi Fahimeh - B.C of Civil Engineering from Afghanistan, Herat University. Graduate student at Faculty of Water, Land, and Forest Resources

050020, Almaty, Abay Avenue, 8

fahimehsalehi1219@gmail.comКусаиноваМ. Д.KussainovaM.

050020, Almaty, Abay Avenue, 8

Kussainova Maira - PhD, Associate Professor, Head of the Center for Sustainable Agriculture AgriTech Hub

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maira.kussainova@kaznaru.edu.kzKazakh National Agrarian Research UniversityКазахстанKazakh National Agrarian Research UniversityKazakhstan2023160120240495107Copyright © Салехи Ф., Кусаинова М.Д., 20242024Салехи Ф., Кусаинова М.Д.Salehi F., Kussainova M.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://journal.soil.kz/jour/article/view/820

Бассейн реки Сырдарья, имеющий богатое историческое значение для сельского хозяйства, сегодня сталкивается с современными проблемами, требующими незамедлительного внимания. Основные проблемы связаны с эрозией почвы и ухудшением качества воды ниже по течению, оба из которых представляют серьезную угрозу для экосистемы и местных сообществ. Одной из насущных проблем является практическое отсутствие исследований в этом регионе, что приводит к серьезному пробелу в знаниях для понимания и эффективного решения этих проблем. Взаимосвязь между качеством воды и эрозией почвы является фундаментальным аспектом, который нельзя упускать из виду. Засоленность, вызванная в первую очередь такими элементами, как SO42- и Ca2+, играет ключевую роль в деградации почвы и усилении эрозии, затрудняя доступ корней растений к воде. Основная тяжесть этих проблем приходится на районы, расположенные ниже по течению, особенно те, где выращивают рис и требуют интенсивного орошения. Эрозия в этих регионах приводит к каскадному воздействию на качество воды. Засоленная почва, пестициды и удобрения, вымытые с полей, в конечном итоге попадают в реку, создавая серьезную угрозу как для экосистем, так и для близлежащих сообществ. Кроме того, растущий уровень эрозии и деградации почв существенно увеличил потребность в оросительной воде. Если нынешние темпы засоления почв и загрязнения рек останутся постоянными, это мрачный прогноз для Кызылординской области. Через несколько десятилетий некогда плодородные земли могут стать непригодными для сельского хозяйства, а вода реки Сырдарья перестанет быть безопасной для питья или других жизненно важных целей. Целью данного исследования является пролить свет на сложную взаимосвязь между качеством воды и эрозией почвы в бассейне реки Сырдарья. Он использует методологию индекса качества воды (WQI) для оценки воздействия эрозии почвы и потенциальных загрязнителей на качество воды в реке.

The Syrdarya river basin, with its rich historical significance in agriculture, now faces with contemporary challenges that demand immediate attention. The main issues revolve around soil erosion and declining water quality downstream, both of which pose severe threats to the ecosystem and local communities. One pressing concern is the alarming lack of research in this region, leaving a critical knowledge gap in understanding and addressing these challenges effectively. The interplay between water quality and soil erosion is a fundamental aspect that cannot be overlooked. Salinity, primarily caused by elements such as SO42− and Ca2+, plays a pivotal role in the degradation of soil and exacerbation of erosion by impeding plant root access to water. Downstream areas, particularly those reliant on rice-based cropping fields that require extensive irrigation, bear the brunt of these issues. Erosion in these regions leads to a cascading effect on water quality. Saline soil, pesticides, and fertilizers eroded from fields ultimately find their way into the river, posing significant threats to both ecosystems and nearby communities. Furthermore, the escalating levels of soil erosion and degradation have substantially increased the demand for irrigation water. If the current rate of soil salinization and river pollution remains constant, it's a bleak forecast for the Kyzylorda region. In a matter of decades, the once-fertile lands may become unsuitable for agriculture, and the Syrdarya river's water may no longer be safe for drinking or other critical purposes. This study aims to shed light on the intricate relationship between water quality and soil erosion in the Syrdarya river basin. It utilizes the water quality index (WQI) methodology to assess the impact of soil erosion and potential pollutants on the river's water quality. By doing so, it underscores the urgent need for informed decision-making in the pursuit of sustainable resource management and environmental protection in this crucial region. Recognizing and addressing these challenges is not only essential for the present but also for safeguarding the future of the Syrdarya river basin and its inhabitants.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.