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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">kaz65</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Почвоведение и агрохимия</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Soil Science and Agrichemistry</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1999-740X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2959-3433</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Казахский научно-исследовательский институт почвоведения и агрохимии имени У.У. Успанова</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.51886/1999-740X_2023_1_15</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">kaz65-715</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Плодородие почв</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Soil fertility</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Современное мелиоративное состояние орошаемых почв и методика их изучения на примере СПК «Азия Агро Групп»</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Modern reclaim state of irrigated soils and the method of its study on the example of APC «Azia Agro Group»</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сманов</surname><given-names>Ж. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Smanov</surname><given-names>Zh. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>050060, г. Алматы, пр. аль-Фараби, 75В</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>050060, Almaty, 75B, al-Farabi, Ave.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zhassulan.smanov1307@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сулейменова</surname><given-names>А. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Suleimenova</surname><given-names>A. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>050060, г. Алматы, пр. аль-Фараби, 75В</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>050060, Almaty, 75B, al-Farabi, Ave.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">s.altynai87@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пошанов</surname><given-names>М. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Poshanov</surname><given-names>M. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>050060, г. Алматы, пр. аль-Фараби, 75В</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>050060, Almaty, 75B, al-Farabi, Ave.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">maksat_90.okkz@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дүйсеков</surname><given-names>С. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Duysekov</surname><given-names>S. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>050060, г. Алматы, пр. аль-Фараби, 75В</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>050060, Almaty, 75B, al-Farabi, Ave.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">saken-muslim@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Вырахманова</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vyrakhmanova</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>050060, г. Алматы, пр. аль-Фараби, 75В</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>050060, Almaty, 75B, al-Farabi, Ave.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">asem-v80@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Казахский научно-исследовательский институт почвоведения и агрохимии имени У.У. Успанова<country>Казахстан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Kazakh Research Institute of Soil Science and Agrochemistry named after U.U. Uspanov<country>Kazakhstan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>13</day><month>04</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>15</fpage><lpage>35</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Сманов Ж.М., Сулейменова А.И., Пошанов М.Н., Дүйсеков С.Н., Вырахманова А.С., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Сманов Ж.М., Сулейменова А.И., Пошанов М.Н., Дүйсеков С.Н., Вырахманова А.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Smanov Z.M., Suleimenova A.I., Poshanov M.N., Duysekov S.N., Vyrakhmanova A.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.soil.kz/jour/article/view/715">https://journal.soil.kz/jour/article/view/715</self-uri><abstract><p>В засушливых и полузасушливых регионах, в том числе на орошаемых территориях бассейна реки Сырдарья, расположенных в южной части Казахстана, из-за чрезмерного засоления почв, увеличивается площадь земель, отнесенная к категории «бросовых» или «залежных», что приводит к серьезным социальным, возрастающим день ото дня экономическим и экологическим проблемам. В настоящее время из-за ухудшения мелиоративного состояния орошаемых пахотных земель в четырех южных областях Казахстана выведено из оборота 236,9 тыс. га, что составляет 15,2 % от 1,55 млн га. В связи с этим, в первую очередь экономически целесообразно определить пути решения проблемы засоления и его пространственного распространения, и в то же время очень важно тщательное изучение их рационального использования методом ГИС, что намного эффективнее традиционных методов исследования. Основной целью данной научно-исследовательской работы являлось проведение полевых исследовании для определения степени засоления почв, а также его пространственного распределения и сравнение методов интерполяции методом обратного взвешивания по расстоянию (IDW) и обычного кригинга (OK) при оценке текущего мелиоративного состояния орошаемых почв СПК «Азия Агро Групп», составление карты засоления почв методом высокоточной интерполяции. Для этого по химическому составу водной вытяжки почвенных проб, отобранных из слоев 0-20 см, 20-50 см и 50-100 см на 300 га орошаемой пашни, были определены степень засоления и коэффициент адсорбции натрия ( SAR). В результате изучения почвенных данных были применены методы статистического анализа, показывающие предел токсичности ионов. Затем с использованием обработанных данных о засоленности почв, полученных в результате полевого обследования, были созданы карты засоления и определены контуры засоленных почв каждого слоя путем интерполяции IDW и ОК. Во время применения этих двух интерполяций IDW полностью покрывала значения выбранных точек на картировании и показывала более полные изолинии засоленности, чем интерполяция OK. В результате установлено, что в верхнем 020 см слое почвы на 224 га не засолены, на 66 га слабозасолены, а на 10 га среднезасолены, на 20-50 см почв получены аналогичные данные. В нижнем 50-100 см слое, незасоленных – 100 га, слабозасоленных - 54 га, среднезасоленных - 92 га и сильнозасоленных - 54 га, очень сильнозасоленных почв не выявлено.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>In arid and semi-arid regions, including the irrigated areas of the SyrDarya River basin in the southern part of Kazakhstan, due to excessive soil salinization the area of land classified as "abandoned" or "virgin lands" is growing. This causes significant daily socio-economic and environmental issues. Currently, 236.9 thousand hectares, or 15.2% of the 1.55 million hectares, have been removed from circulation due to the deterioration of the irrigated arable land reclamation condition in Kazakhstan's four southern regions. In this regard, it is first and foremost economically viable to identify solutions to the salinity and its spatial distribution problems, and it is also crucial to carefully study their rational application by GIS, which is much more effective than conventional research methods. The main goal of this research was to conduct field studies to assess the current state of reclamation of irrigated soils of the APC “Asia Agro Group”, map soil salinity by high-precision interpolation, and compare the methods of interpolation by the method of IDW and OK. For this, soil samples were collected from layers of 0–20 cm, 20–50 cm, and 50–100 cm per 300 ha of irrigated arable land. The chemical composition of the water extract was used to calculate the degree of salinity and the sodium adsorption coefficient (SAR). The limit of ion toxicity was revealed by statistical analysis techniques after the analysis of sediment data. As a result of the study of soil data, statistical analysis methods were analyzed, showing the limit of ion toxicity threshold. The contours of the saline soils of each layer were then determined by interpolating IDW and OK using the processed soil salinity data from the field survey to generate salinity maps. During the application of these two interpolations, IDW completely covered the values of the chosen mapping points and displayed more thorough salinity contours than the OK interpolation. As a result, in the upper 0-20 cm layer, 224 ha of non-saline, 66 ha of slightly saline, 10 ha of moderately saline, and similar data are obtained for 20-50 cm of soils. In the lower 50-100 cm layer, non-saline - 100 ha, slightly saline - 54 ha, moderately saline - 92 ha and strongly saline - 54 ha, very strongly saline soils were not found.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>saline soils</kwd><kwd>irrigated area</kwd><kwd>sum of salts</kwd><kwd>interpolation</kwd><kwd>inverse distance weight</kwd><kwd>ordinary kriging</kwd><kwd>sodium adsorption coefficient</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shrivastava P., Kumar R. Soil salinity: A serious environmental issue and plant growth promoting bacteria as one of the tools for its alleviation// Saudi journal of biological sciences. – 2015. – Т. 22. – №. 2. – С. 123-131.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shrivastava P., Kumar R. 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