kaz65Почвоведение и агрохимияSoil Science and Agrichemistry1999-740X2959-3433Казахский научно-исследовательский институт почвоведения и агрохимии имени У.У. Успанова10.51886/1999-740X_2022_2_88kaz65-63Research ArticleАгрохимияAgrochemistryВОЗДЕЛОВАНИЕ СОИ С ПРИМЕНЕНИЕМ ОРГАНИЧЕСКОГО ГУМИНОВОГО УДОБРЕНИЯ «ТУМАТ» НА ОРАШАЕМЫХ ЛУГОВЫХ ПОЧВАХ АНДИЖАНСКОЙ ОБЛАСТИSOYBEAN GROWING USING ORGANIC HUMIC FERTILIZER TUMAT ON IRRIGATED MEADOW SOILS IN ANDIJAN REGIONКайсановаГ. Б.KaisanovaG. B.

050060, Казахстан, Алматы, пр. аль-Фараби, 75 В

050060, Almaty, Al-Farabi Ave., 75 B

gkaisa@mail.ruСулейменовБ. У.SuleimenovB. U.

050060, Казахстан, Алматы, пр. аль-Фараби, 75 В

050060, Almaty, Al-Farabi Ave., 75 B

beibuts@mail.ruКазахский научно-исследовательский институт почвоведения и агрохимии им. У.У.УспановаКазахстанU.U.Uspanov Kazakh Research Institute of Soil Science and AgrochemistryKazakhstanКазахский научно-исследовательский институт почвоведения и агрохимии им. У.У.Успанова; Научно-исследовательский центр экологии и окружающей среды Центральной Азии (Алматы)КазахстанU.U.Uspanov Kazakh Research Institute of Soil Science and Agrochemistry; Research Center for Ecology and Environment of the Central, Asia (Almaty)Kazakhstan202217082022028898Copyright © Кайсанова Г.Б., Сулейменов Б.У., 20222022Кайсанова Г.Б., Сулейменов Б.У.Kaisanova G.B., Suleimenov B.U.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://journal.soil.kz/jour/article/view/63

В статье представлены экспериментальные данные по изучению влияния органического гуминового удобрения «Тумат» на продуктивность сои в условиях орошаемых луговых почв Асакинского района Андижанской области. Луговые почвы характеризуются низким содержанием гумуса, подвижных форм фосфора и калий, слабо засолены, гранулометрический состав среднесуглинистый, глубина залегания грунтовых вод 2-3 м. Жидкое гуминовое удобрение «Тумат» вырабатывается из бурого угля (леонардит и лигнит) и специально подготовленной воды. Содержит соли гуминовых кислот, фульвокислоты, аминокислоты, органические соли, органические кислоты, природные ауксины, цитокинины и ряд необходимых макро- и микроэлементов в доступной для растении форме. Рабочий раствор гуминового удобрения применяли для предпосевной обработки семян и внекорневой подкормки растении в начальный период вечетации в фазы образования трех настоящих листьев и ветвления. Предпосевная обработка повышает стрессоустойчивость и всхожесть семян. Двукратная внекорневая подкормка сои улучшает пищевой режим почвы, повышает рост и равитие, увеличивает урожайность зерна сои от 50 до 90 % при совместном использовании бактериального препарата на фоне минеральных удобрений. Применение удобрения «Тумат» рассматривается как экологически чистый и экономически эффективный способ повышения продуктивности сельскохозяйственных культур, способствующий более полной реализации природного потенциала. По результатам производственных испытаний органическое гуминовое удобрение «Тумат» рекомендуется для широкого внедрения на орошаемых массивах Узбекистана при возделывании зернобобовых культур.

The article presents experimental data on the study of the impact of organic humic fertilizer "Tumat" on productivity of soybeans in the conditions of irrigated meadow soils of the Asaka district of the Andijan region. Meadow soils are characterized by a low concentration of humus, mobile forms of phosphorus and potassium, they are slightly saline, the granulometric composition is medium loamy, the depth of groundwater is 2-3 m. Liquid humic fertilizer "Tumat" is produced from brown coal (leonardite and lignite) and specially prepared water. Contains salts of humic acids, fulvic acids, amino acids, organic salts, organic acids, natural auxins, cytokinins and a number of essential macro- and microelements in a form which is available to plants. The working solution of humic fertilizer was used for pre-sowing treatment of seeds and foliar feeding of plants in the initial period of vegetation in the phases of formation of three true leaves and branching. Pre-sowing treatment increases stress resistance and seed germination. Double foliar feeding of soybean improves soil nutritional regime, increases growth and development, increases the yield of soybean grain from 50 to 90 % with combined use of a bacterial preparation on the background of mineral fertilizers. The use of Tumat fertilizer is considered as an environmentally friendly and cost-effective way to increase crop productivity, contributing to a more complete realization of natural potential. According to the results of production tests, the organic humic fertilizer "Tumat" is recommended for widespread use in the irrigated areas of Uzbekistan in growing leguminous crops.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.