kaz65Почвоведение и агрохимияSoil Science and Agrichemistry1999-740X2959-3433Казахский научно-исследовательский институт почвоведения и агрохимии имени У.У. Успанова10.51886/1999-740X_2022_1_52kaz65-52Research ArticleЭкология почвSoil ecologyЭКОЛОГИЧЕСКАЯ ОЦЕНКА ВЛИЯНИЯ ТЯЖЕЛЫХ МЕТАЛЛОВ НА БИОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ СВОЙСТВА СВЕТЛО-КАШТАНОВЫХ ПОЧВ ЮГО-ВОСТОКА КАЗАХСТАНАCHANGES IN THE ECOLOGICAL AND BIOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF LIGHTCHESTNUT SOILS IN THE SOUTH-EAST OF KAZAKHSTAN UNDER HEAVY METAL POLLUTIONТукеноваЗ. А.TukenovaZ. A.

050060, г. Алматы, пр. аль-Фараби, 75В

050060, Almaty, al-Farabi Ave. 75 V

otdel_nauki8@mail.ruАлимжановаМ. Б.AlimzhanovaM. B.

050060, г. Алматы, пр. аль-Фараби, 72

050060, Almaty, Al-Farabi Ave. 71

mereke.84@mail.ruАкылбековаТ. Н.AkylbekovaT. N.

050010 г. Алматы, пр. Достык, 13

050010, Almaty, Dostyk Ave 13

turar.83@mail.ruАшимулыК.AshimulyK.

050060, г. Алматы, пр. аль-Фараби, 72

050060, Almaty, Al-Farabi Ave. 71

КуандыковаА. Д.KuandykovaA. D.

050060, г. Алматы, пр. аль-Фараби, 75В

050060, Almaty, al-Farabi Ave. 75 V

otdel_nauki8@mail.ruКазахский научно-исследовательский институт почвоведения и агрохимии им. У.У. УспановаКазахстанKazakh Research Institute of Soil Science and Agrochemistry named after U.U. UspanovKazakhstanКазахский национальный университет им. аль-ФарабиКазахстанKazakh National University. al-FarabiKazakhstanНациональный педагогический университет им. АбаяКазахстанThe National Pedagogical University named after AbaiKazakhstan202214082022015261Copyright © Тукенова З.А., Алимжанова М.Б., Акылбекова Т.Н., Ашимулы К., Куандыкова А.Д., 20222022Тукенова З.А., Алимжанова М.Б., Акылбекова Т.Н., Ашимулы К., Куандыкова А.Д.Tukenova Z.A., Alimzhanova M.B., Akylbekova T.N., Ashimuly K., Kuandykova A.D.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://journal.soil.kz/jour/article/view/52

В статье дана экологическая оценка влияния тяжелых металлов на биологические свойства светло-каштановых почв юго-востока Казахстана. Тяжелые металлы существенно влияют на численность, видовой состав и жизнедеятельность почвенной биоты. Они подавляют не только процессы минерализации и синтеза различных веществ в почвах, но и биологическую активность почв. В работе представлены данные по изучению влияния тяжелых металлов на биологическую активность почв. Приведен обзор данных литературы по содержанию тяжелых металлов в окружающей среде, описывается негативное воздействие некоторых из них на биологические свойства светло-каштановой почвы. Выявлены виды почвенных беспозвоночных животных, а также почвенные ферменты, которые необходимо использовать в качестве биоиндикаторов для мониторинга загрязнения светло-каштановых почв тяжелыми металлами. Тяжелые металлы, такие как Pb, Cd, Cu, Zu, благодаря специальным химическим и биологическим свойствам, имеют тенденцию к биоаккумуляции. Установлено, что некоторые почвенные беспозвоночные проявляют потенциальную устойчивость к загрязнению почвы тяжелыми металлами. Почвенная фауна являются хорошей индикаторной группой для оценки степени нарушения светло-каштановых почв. Полученные результаты расширят знания об изменении биологической активности светло-каштановых почв под влиянием загрязнения ТМ в экосистемах юго-востока Казахстана.

The article gives an ecological assessment of the influence of heavy metals on the biological properties of light-chestnut soils in the southeast of Kazakhstan. Heavy metals significantly affect the abundance, species composition, and vital activity of soil biota. They inhibit not only the processes of mineralization and synthesis of various substances in soils, but also the biological activity of soils. The results of the study expand the information base on the specifics of soil biological activity indicators; provide an opportunity to optimize research when planning environmental monitoring of contaminated soils, as well as expand the possibilities for interpretation obtained during monitoring. The paper presents data on the study of the effect of heavy metals on the biological activity of soils. A review of literature data on the content of heavy metals in the environment is given, and the negative impact of some of them on the biological properties of light-chestnut soil is described. The species of soil invertebrates were identified, as well as soil enzymes that should be used as bioindicators for monitoring the contamination of light-chestnut soils with heavy metals. Heavy metals such as Pb, Cd, Cu, Zu, to their special chemical and biological properties, tend to bio-accumulation. It has been established that some soil invertebrates show potential resistance to soil contamination with heavy metals. Soil fauna is a good indicator group for assessing the degree of disturbance of light-chestnut soils. The results obtained will expand knowledge about changes in the biological activity of light-chestnut soils under the influence of HM pollution in the ecosystems of southeastern Kazakhstan.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.