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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">kaz65</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Почвоведение и агрохимия</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Soil Science and Agrichemistry</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1999-740X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2959-3433</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Казахский научно-исследовательский институт почвоведения и агрохимии имени У.У. Успанова</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.51886/1999-740X_2021_4_72</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">kaz65-46</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Молодые ученыe. Обзорная статья</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Young scientists. Review article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>МИКРОБИОЛОГИЯ РИСОВОЙ ПОЧВЫ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>MICROBIOLOGY OF RICE SOIL</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Балқыбек</surname><given-names>Е. Ж.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Balkybek</surname><given-names>E. Z.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>050060, Алматы, пр. аль-Фараби, 75 в</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>050060, Almaty, al-Farabi Ave., 75 B</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">yerko0331@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">ТОО «Казахский научно-исследовательский институт почвоведения и агрохимии имени У.У. Успанова»<country>Казахстан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">U.U. Uspanov Kazakh Research Institute of Soil Science and Agrichemistry<country>Kazakhstan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>12</day><month>08</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>72</fpage><lpage>88</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Балқыбек Е.Ж., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Балқыбек Е.Ж.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Balkybek E.Z.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.soil.kz/jour/article/view/46">https://journal.soil.kz/jour/article/view/46</self-uri><abstract><p>Рис - основной продукт питания для многих людей. Можно сказать, что несколько миллиардов человек уже много лет используют рис в качестве основного продукта питания. С давних времен рис употребляли в пищу в Азии, Индии, Китае и других восточных странах. В 2018 и 2019 годах мировое производство риса достигло 517 миллионов тонн, и спрос на это зерно растет с каждым годом. Поэтому при выращивании риса очень важно повышать урожайность и качество, внедрять новые агротехнологии, использовать научные и методические рекомендации, проводить эффективные исследования. В настоящее время в рисоводческих странах используются многие методы оценки продуктивности почв с использованием современных методов определения физических, химических, физико-химических и биологических характеристик почв. В большинстве случаев основное внимание уделяется физико-химическим свойствам рисовых почв. Согласно результатам науки и практики, биологические и физиологические характеристики риса по сравнению с другими культурами, усвоение минералов, выращивание при отсутствии аэрации почвы и внедрение риса на затопленных полях требует особой агротехнологии, особых методов. Известно, что роль микроорганизмов в росте риса очень особенная. Изучено и доказано, что виды, количественный размер и свойства микроорганизмов, особенности, влияющие на урожай, зависят от почвенно-климатических условий. Поэтому в данной статье рассматривается микрофлора почв рисовых полей, а также особенности и типы биомассы микроорганизмов затопленных рисовых почв Ирана, Японии, Китая, Индии и др. В 1967 году японский ученый Т. Судзуки в своих исследованиях определил микрофлору рисовых почв. Доказано, что вспаханный первый слой рисовой почвы содержит большое количество бактерий и анаэробных бактерий и небольшое количество групп актиномицетов и грибов. В настоящее время ученые из Китая, Ирана, Индии, России и Казахстана, работающие в области производства риса, усиленно работают над улучшением качества рисовой продукции.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Rice is a staple food for many people. It can be said that several billion people have been using rice as a daily staple for many years. From ancient times the rice was used as a food in Asia, India, China and other eastern countries. In 2018 and 2019, global rice production reached 517 million tons, and the demand for this grain is growing every year. Therefore, in the cultivation of rice, it is very important to increase productivity and quality, to introduce new agricultural technologies, to use scientific and methodological recommendations, to conduct effective research. At present, many methods of assessing soil productivity using modern methods of physical, chemical, physicochemical and biological characteristics of soils are used in rice-growing countries. In most cases, the main focus is on the physical and chemical properties of rice soils. According to the results of science and practice, the biological and physiological characteristics of rice compared to other crops, the absorption of minerals, growing in the absence of soil aeration and the implementation of rice in flooded fields requires a special agro-technology, special methods. It is known that the role of microorganisms in the production of rice is very special. It has been studied and proved that the types, quantitative size and properties of microorganisms, the features that affect the crop depend on soil and climatic conditions. Therefore, this article provides an overview of the research of scientists from Iran, Japan, China, India, etc.on the microflora of rice land soils, as well as on the features and types of biomass of microorganisms of underwater rice soil. In 1967, the Japanese scientist T. Suzuki in his scientific research identified the microflora of rice soil. It is proved that in the plowed ground layer of rice soil there are a large number of bacteria and anaerobic bacteria and a small number of groups of actinomycetes and fungi. Currently, scientists from China, Iran, India, Russia, and Kazakhstan, who are engaged in rice production, work tirelessly to improve the quality of rice.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>почва</kwd><kwd>болотная почва</kwd><kwd>рисовое поле</kwd><kwd>почвенная микрофлора</kwd><kwd>микроорганизмы</kwd><kwd>цианобактерии</kwd><kwd>метан</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Soil</kwd><kwd>swampy soil</kwd><kwd>rice field</kwd><kwd>soil microflora</kwd><kwd>microorganisms</kwd><kwd>cyanobacteria</kwd><kwd>methane</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Eduardo Martins de Souza, Thaina Ine s Lamb, Thais Aparecida Lamb, Alexsander dos Santos Silva, Suelen da Fre de Carvalho,Vito ria Nyland, Mara Cristina Barbosa Lopes, Mara Grohs, Leticia Marconatto, Luis Gustavo dos Anjos Borges, Adriana Giongo, Camille Eichelberger Granada, Raul Antonio Sperotto. 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