kaz65Почвоведение и агрохимияSoil Science and Agrichemistry1999-740X2959-3433Казахский научно-исследовательский институт почвоведения и агрохимии имени У.У. Успанова10.51886/1999-740X_2026_3_107kaz65-1140Research ArticleОБЗОРНАЯ СТАТЬЯREVIEWПастбищные экосистемы засушливой зоны южного Казахстана: современное состояние, проблемы и пути восстановления (обзор)Pasture ecosystems of the arid zone of southern Kazakhstan: current state, problems and ways to restoration (review)https://orcid.org/0009-0003-2507-4428МукангалиеваА. К.MukangaliyevaA. K.

050060, Алматы, аль-Фараби, 75В; 050040, Алматы, аль-Фараби, 71

Mukangaliyeva Assem Kuryshovna – Researcher of the scientific research laboratory, PhD student

 050060, Almaty, Al-Farabi ave., 75В; 050040, Almaty, Al-Farabi ave., 71

asem_mukangalieva@bk.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4052-1436АманжолқызыА.AmanzholkyzyA.

050060, Алматы, аль-Фараби, 75В; 050040, Алматы, аль-Фараби, 71

Amanzholkyzy Arailym – Scientific secretary of the scientific research laboratory, scientific researcher of the department of chemistry and technology of organic substances, natural compounds and polymers, PhD

050060, Almaty, Al-Farabi ave., 75В; 050040, Almaty, Al-Farabi ave., 71

arai13_95@list.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6392-2032СапаровГ. А.SaparovG. A.

050060, Алматы, аль-Фараби, 75В

Saparov Galymzhan Abdullayevich – Director General, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, associate professor,

050060, Almaty, Al-Farabi ave., 75В

saparov.g@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-8902-9042ИбрагимовТ. С.IbragimovT. S.

050040, Алматы, аль-Фараби, 71

Ibragimov Talgat Saduakasovich – Associate Professor of the Department of Botany and Agroecology of the Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology

050040, Almaty, Al-Farabi ave., 71

ibragimov.talgat@kaznu.edu.kzhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-5225-1747MaoJ.MaoJ.

Jiefei Mao – Professor, PhD

830011, Urumchi, South Beijing Road 818, Xinjiang

mjf@ms.xjbhttps://orcid.org/0009-0006-8763-5632ГазизовА. Д.GazizovA. D.

050060, Алматы, аль-Фараби, 75В

Gazizov Aidyn Doldashevich – Head of the scientific research laboratory

050060, Almaty, Al-Farabi ave., 75В

gaziz.aydin@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0009-0003-3670-8828СахбекӘ С.SakhbekA. S.

050060, Алматы, аль-Фараби, 75В

Sakhbek Adilet Sarkytbekuly – Researcher of the scientific research laboratory

050060, Almaty, Al-Farabi ave., 75В

Sakhbek@bk.ruНаучно-исследовательский центр экологии и окружающей среды Центральной Азии (Алматы); Казахский Национальный университет имени аль-ФарабиКазахстанResearch Centre of Ecology and Environment of Central Asia (Almaty); Al-Farabi Kazakh National UniversityKazakhstanНаучно-исследовательский центр экологии и окружающей среды Центральной Азии (Алматы)КазахстанResearch Centre of Ecology and Environment of Central Asia (Almaty)KazakhstanКазахский Национальный университет имени аль-ФарабиКазахстанAl-Farabi Kazakh National UniversityKazakhstanГосударственная ключевая лаборатория экологической безопасности и устойчивого развития засушливых районов, Синьцзянский институт экологии и географии, Китайская академия наукКитайState Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid Lands, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of SciencesChina20260510202603107119Copyright © Мукангалиева А.К., Аманжолқызы А., Сапаров Г.А., Ибрагимов Т.С., Mao J., Газизов А.Д., Сахбек Ә.С., 20262026Мукангалиева А.К., Аманжолқызы А., Сапаров Г.А., Ибрагимов Т.С., Mao J., Газизов А.Д., Сахбек Ә.С.Mukangaliyeva A.K., Amanzholkyzy A., Saparov G.A., Ibragimov T.S., Mao J., Gazizov A.D., Sakhbek A.S.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://journal.soil.kz/jour/article/view/1140

В статье представлен обзор современных исследовании текущего состояния и функционирования пастбищных экосистем в засушливой зоне Южного Казахстана на примере Отрарского района Туркестанской области. Рассмотрены природно-климатические особенности региона, влияние аридизации и изменения климата на структуру фитоценозов пастбищ, их продуктивность и биоразнообразие. Проанализированы основные факторы, влияющие на стабильность пастбищных экосистем, такие как водный режим, засоленность почвы, содержание органического углерода, состояние почвенного микробиома и антропогенная нагрузка. Особое внимание уделено современным методам геоботанической оценки растительного покрова, определению проективного покрытия, показателей продуктивности и биоразнообразия, а также использованию геоинформационных систем, технологии дистанционного зондирования и спутникового мониторинга для оценки состояния пастбищ. Собраны данные о перспективах восстановления деградированных пастбищ с использованием органоминеральных удобрении на основе природных алюмосиликатов, гуминовых веществ, гидролизата белка и микроводорослей Chlorella vulgaris. Показано, что комплексный подход, сочетающий геоботанические, почвенно-экологические и цифровые методы исследования, способствует повышению стабильности пастбищных экосистем, сохранению биоразнообразия и рациональному использованию природных земельных ресурсов засушливых районов.

The article presents an overview of modern studies of pasture ecosystems in the arid zone of Southern Kazakhstan using the example of the Otyrar district of the Turkestan region. The article examines the region's natural and climatic features, and the influence of aridization and climate change on the structure of pasture phytocenoses, their productivity, and biodiversity. The main factors of sustainability of pasture ecosystems were analyzed, including water regime, soil salinity, organic carbon content, the state of the soil microbiome, and anthropogenic load. The purpose of this review article is to analyze and summarize recent scientific research on the state, functioning, assessment methods, and prospects for the restoration of pasture ecosystems in the arid zone of Southern Kazakhstan, using the example of the Otyrar district of the Turkestan region. Particular attention is paid to modern methods of geobotanical assessment of vegetation, determination of projective cover, productivity, and biodiversity indicators, as well as to the use of geographic information systems, remote sensing, and satellite monitoring to assess the condition of pastures. The data on the prospects for the restoration of degraded pastures through the use of organomineral fertilizers based on natural aluminosilicates, humic substances, protein hydrolysate, and microalgae Chlorella vulgaris are summarized. It has been shown that an integrated approach combining geobotanical, soil-ecological, and digital research methods contributes to increasing the sustainability of pasture ecosystems, preserving biodiversity, and rational use of natural forage resources in arid territories.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.