kaz65Почвоведение и агрохимияSoil Science and Agrichemistry1999-740X2959-3433Казахский научно-исследовательский институт почвоведения и агрохимии имени У.У. Успанова10.51886/1999-740X_2025_4_25kaz65-1053Research ArticleЭКОЛОГИЯ ПОЧВЫСостояние загрязнения почв тяжёлыми металлами в Костанайской областиThe state of soil pollution by heavy metals in Kostanay regionhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8313-8982ЫсқақА.YskakA.

110000, Костанай, пр. Абая, 28/1

Yskak Aliya – Scientific Research Institute of Applied Biotechnology, Director of the Scientific Research Institute of Applied Biotechnology, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences

110000, Kostanay, Abay ave., 28/1

alia-almaz@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0009-0002-5996-8545ДəулеткелдіГ. Н.DauletkeldiG. N.

110000, Костанай, пр. Абая, 28/1

Dauletkeldi Gulnur Nurlankyzy – Department of Natural Sciences, Master's student «7M01503 Chemistry»  educational  program

110000, Kostanay, Abay ave., 28/1

gulnuradauletkel@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6468-2843КазбековаК. А.KazbekovaK. A.

110000, Костанай, пр. Абая, 28/1

Kazbekova Karina Azamatovna – Scientific Research Institute of Applied Biotechnology, Master of Pedagogical Sciences in ЕР «7M01503 Chemistry»

110000, Kostanay, Abay ave., 28/1

karina09081999@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-1911-6663ДарибаеваС. А.DaribayevaS. A.

110000, Костанай, пр. Абая, 28/1

Daribayeva Sevara Anvarkyzy – Department of Natural Sciences, Master of Natural Sciences, Senior lecturer at the Department of Natural Sciences

110000, Kostanay, Abay ave., 28/1

sevara.daribaeva@gmail.comНАО «Костанайский региональный университет имени Ахмет Байтұрсынұлы»Казахстан«Akhmet Baitursynuly Kostanay Regional University» NLCKazakhstan202507012026042537Copyright © Ысқақ А., Дəулеткелді Г.Н., Казбекова К.А., Дарибаева С.А., 20262026Ысқақ А., Дəулеткелді Г.Н., Казбекова К.А., Дарибаева С.А.Yskak A., Dauletkeldi G.N., Kazbekova K.A., Daribayeva S.A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://journal.soil.kz/jour/article/view/1053

Костанайская область Республики Казахстан представляет собой один из ведущих аграрных регионов страны, обладающий значительными площадями сельскохозяйственных угодий. Однако интенсивное развитие горнодобывающей промышленности (ЖАГОК, ТБРУ, ССГПО и др.) вблизи посевных территорий сопровождается техногенным загрязнением окружающей среды, включая поступление тяжёлых металлов в почвы. В настоящем исследовании проведён мониторинг содержания подвижных форм тяжёлых металлов (Pb, Cu, Cr, Zn, Cd) в почвах пяти промышленных и аграрных центров региона (Костанай, Жетыкара, Аркалык, Лисаковск, Рудный) за 2017– 2024 гг. по методике атомно-адсорбционной спектрометрии. Полученные данные выявили устойчивые превышения предельно допустимых концентраций по меди, хрому и особенно кадмию, с эпизодами резких скачков, вероятно, обусловленных промышленными выбросами. Анализ среднегодовых концентраций показал, что именно кадмий и медь представляют наибольшую потенциальную опасность для агросистем, ввиду их способности накапливаться в сельхозпродукции и нарушать биогеохимические процессы в почвах. Работа подчёркивает необходимость системного экологического контроля и адаптивного управления сельским хозяйством в условиях промышленной нагрузки, а также использования природоохранных технологий и стратегий ремедиации для обеспечения устойчивого землепользования и продовольственной безопасности.

Kostanay Region of the Republic of Kazakhstan is one of the leading agricultural areas of the country, with vast expanses of arable land. However, the intensive development of the mining industry (e.g., ZHAGOK - Zhezkazgan Mining and Metallurgical Plant, TBRU - Torgai Bauxite Mining Administration), SSGPO - Sokolov–Sarbai Mining Production Association JSC in close proximity to cultivated fields has led to significant anthropogenic environmental pollution, particularly involving the accumulation of heavy metals in soils.This study presents monitoring data on the content of mobile forms of heavy metals (Pb, Cu, Cr, Zn, Cd) in the soils of five industrial-agricultural centers in the region (Kostanay, Zhetykara, Arkalyk, Lisakovsk, Rudny) from 2017 to 2024, obtained using atomic absorption spectrometry.The results reveal consistent exceedances of the maximum permissible concentrations (MPCs) for copper, chromium, and especially cadmium, including occasional sharp spikes likely linked to industrial emissions. Analysis of annual average concentrations indicates that cadmium and copper represent the greatest threat to agricultural systems due to their bioaccumulative potential and their capacity to disrupt biogeochemical processes in soils.This study underscores the urgent need for systematic environmental monitoring, adaptive agricultural management under industrial pressure, and the implementation of eco-technologies and remediation measures to ensure sustainable land use and food security.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.